THE COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION, PART ONE.

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The components of PD otherwise known as physical distribution and called the PD system are made up of various interplay of activities and functions with the aim of stated organizational objectives or goals. According to Kurtz and Booms cited by okpara (2002:284-285), a system (from the Greek word systema) may be seen as an organized group of parts or components liked together according to plan to achieve specific objectives. The PD system works like a spider's cobweb with each web stand occupying a unique position. It therefore follows that be very activity is giving equal degree of importance in the quest to achieve high level of customer care. The components of PD are:
1. Road Transportation.
This is the popular medium of transportation in Nigeria in spite of the bad road network. Cars, trucks, push trucks, bicycles and even persons doing businesses variously use road transport. Road transportation is very flexible because sometimes goods are transported right to the doorsteps of the owners. It is quite economical and it may be found around the clock. Although road transport suffers petroleum products scarcity or increase in pump price of petroleum products. It then lead to astronomical rise in and other transportation charges.

2. Rail Transportation.
This is the mode that uses train as it vehicles railways link all regions in Nigeria and are operated exhaustively by Government, through the Nigerian Railway Corporation(NRC). This mode was very popular in the country till 1980s. It is very cost efficient, shipping large quantities per hour. It is appropriate for bulky-products and overlong distances. This transportation mode is not really in existence following the delay in the Nigerian Railway Corporation. It's monopoly status in Nigeria gas made competition quality service and the consequent customer satisfaction very low.

3. Water Transportation.
With major seen parts in cities Like portharcourt, warri, calabar and Lagos, transportation through water us a mainstay using vessels of different shapes and sizes owned by different individuals, institutions and government. It could be for international or instant operation. It is very economical, especially for bulky products for far destination. It may also be a better option especially in riverine or coastal areas.

4. Pipelines Transportation.
In Nigeria this transport mode is still specialized and government owned for the transportation of petroleum products. These pipelines link the refineries to designated depots across the country. It is probably the fastest and safest means of transportation and it's very economical to use. It is no suspectable to weather conditions. Although he reliability of pipelines in delivery schedules us becoming questionable with the incessant vandalization and spills. It is also highly product discriminate, convey mainly petroleum products only. It is flexible as it has structure routes and cannot deliver straight to a customer's doorsteps.

To be continued....

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