[Tutorial] Kivy App Development(Animating the first block)Part 2

image source
Repository: Python, Open Source Repository

Software Requirements: For software download python 3.0 compatible with your OS here

What you will learn:
In this tutorial you will learn how to

• Automating block generation using a loop in kivy for our tetris app

• Using the kivy.clock and kivy.window modules

• How to use kivys built in EventDispatcher to add properties to our super classes init function

Difficulty : Intermediate

Tutorial
The topics covered in this tutorial are:
Creating block widgets
Making our widgets fall
Defining how our application will build

In the last of this series we saw the basics for startup for a kivy applications visiting the basic layout and how to startup an application using kivy syntax. Today we will be going on to the development of the application starting out with its widgets.
As earlier stated it is advisable to divide files into graphics and logic for better assesment and easier coding. We will be building six blocks for the tetris game. Each block will have a different color and be drawn on a different canvas addreses as different widgets.

Creating the block widgets
We start by creating six new classes of widgets

#Create the classes and pass them
class Block1(Widget):
    pass
class Block2(Widget):
    pass
class Block3(Widget):
    pass
class Block4(Widget):
    pass
class Block5(Widget):
    pass
class Block6(Widget):
    pass

You then link all these to consecutive kv styles in your .kv file

<Block1>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 0,0,255
        Rectangle:
            size: root.width/5, root.height/20 
            pos: self.pos
<Block2>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgba:1,0,0,1
        Rectangle:
            size: root.width/10, root.height/20
            pos: self.pos
        
<Block3>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgba:1,0,0,1
        Rectangle:
            size: root.width/10, root.height/20
            pos: self.pos

<Block4>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgba:1,0,0,1
        Rectangle:
            size: root.width/10, root.height/20
            pos: self.pos

<Block5>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgba:1,0,0,1
        Rectangle:
            size: root.width/10, root.height/20
            pos: self.pos

<Block6>:
    canvas:#A canvas is kivys default work area where things can be drawn
        Color:#This is the color intruction in rgba
            rgba:1,0,0,1
        Rectangle:
            size: root.width/10, root.height/20
            pos: self.pos       

For now we have widgets but they wont show on our window if run because they have not been called in our app build function.
Defining how our app will build
This tetris app generates a random block out of the six gives it to our console at intervals. To do this we have to create a loop in our build function. First we set our Tetris game as our root layout and then add the widgets systematically using the loop. We write our code like this.

class TetrisApp(App):
    def build(self):#This is the root component of our app or rather where it loads
        game = TetrisGame()
        x = Window.width#Using our kivy.window module
        block1 = Block1(pos=(randint(0,x),Window.height))#We use this code to determine where the widget will load
        block2 = Block2(pos=(randint(0,x),Window.height))#We want it to load at a random x axis but on a constant y axis
        block3 = Block3(pos=(randint(0,x),Window.height))
        block4 = Block4(pos=(randint(0,x),Window.height))
        block5 = Block5(pos=(randint(0,x),Window.height))
        block6 = Block6(pos=(randint(0,x),Window.height))
        allblocks = (block1, block2, block3, block4, block5, block6)
        while game:#This is where we create our loop
            blockchoice = randint(1,6)
            if blockchoice == 1:
                game.add_widget(block1)
                Clock.schedule_interval(block1.fall,1/60)
                for i in allblocks:
                    if block1.collide_widget(i):
                        block1.position[1] = 0
            elif blockchoice == 2:
                game.add_widget(block2)
                Clock.schedule_interval(block2.fall,1/60)
                for i in allblocks:
                    if block2.collide_widget(i):
                        block2.position[1] = 0
            elif blockchoice == 3:
                game.add_widget(block3)
                Clock.schedule_interval(block3.fall,1/60)
                for i in allblocks:
                    if block3.collide_widget(i):
                        block3.position[1] = 0
            elif blockchoice == 4:
                game.add_widget(block4)
                Clock.schedule_interval(block4.fall,1/60)
                for i in allblocks:
                    if block4.collide_widget(i):
                        block4.position[1] = 0
            elif blockchoice == 5:
                game.add_widget(block5)
                Clock.schedule_interval(block5.fall,1/60)
                for i in allblocks:
                    if block5.collide_widget(i):
                        block5.position[1] = 0
            elif blockchoice == 6:
                game.add_widget(block6)
                Clock.schedule_interval(block6.fall,1/60)
                for i in allblocks:
                    if block6.collide_widget(i):
                        block6.position[1] = 0
            else:
                print('this is not possible')
        return game

To explain the Clock.schedule_interval function, we will have to define a fall function within each of our widget classes. The Clock.schedule_interval function keeps calling this function over a period of time.

#In this case it call the fall function of our widget once every 60 seconds
Clock.schedule_interval(block.fall, 1/60)

Making our blocks fall
We then make the blocks fall and stop when they reach zero position.

#Repeat this piece of code for every block widget
class Block6(Widget):
    vel_x = NumericProperty(0)
    vel_y = NumericProperty(-5)
    position = ReferenceListProperty(vel_x,vel_y)
    def fall(self, pos):
        self.pos =  Vector(self.position) + self.pos
        if self.pos[1]==0:
            self.position[1] = 0

If you followed you should see your blocks falling one after the other and lumping on each other when they reach the end

This tutorial would continue in the next of its series

For my previous posts in the python tutorial series
-Click Here* Creating a simple calculator using python 3.8(cpython)

Creating an encryption key(Cryptography)
- Part 1
- Part 2
- Part 3
- Part 4

Developing an institutions data collection backend and frontend with python 3.6 series
Part 1 of this series
Part 2 of this series
Part 3 of this series
Part 4 of this series
Part 5 of this series
Part 6 of this series

Previous Series
Automating OnScreen Processes
Screen Mapping and Navigation
Packaging and Deploying

Proof of work done
Github