My Biologist's Adventure #28 | Virus role in human disease

zouxx (55)in #steemstem • 7 years ago (edited)

Virus

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There several types of humans disease caused by viruses, some of them are influenza, chickenpox and the common cold. There also many serious diseases that cause by viruses like Ebola virus disease, AIDS, and SARS. Virulence, this is a term that described the relative ability of viruses that can cause disease. There is also a possible connection between the neurological diseases and the human herpesvirus 6(HHV6) the connection of two of these can cause multiple sclerosis and the chronic fatigue syndrome but it still under investigation to determine whether it has a connection or not. Previously, there also some controversy about Bornavirus, before this Bornavirus thought to cause neurological diseases in a horse, it also could be responsible for the psychiatric in humans.

Within an organism, the viruses may have the different mechanism to produce the disease, and this mechanism depends on the viral species. Cell Lysis is the cellular level primarily of their mechanism. Cell Lysis is the breaking open and the subsequent death of the cell. For your information, if enough cells die in a multicellular organism, the multicellular organism will start to suffer the effect that caused by the viruses. The virus is relatively harmless within an organism, they do not only result in disease and the healthy homeostasis also will be disrupted by the viruses. There is a simple example of a virus that causes cold sores, it is Herpes Simplex Virus. This virus can cause cold sore, to remain a dormant state within the human body. The remains a dormant state within a human body is called as latency, Epstein- Barr virus that causes glandular fever and varicella zoster virus that chicken pox. Two of these is the characteristic of the herpes viruses. For your information, we will be infected with these types of herpes virus at least one in our life. This virus also can give benefit to us, they can increase our immunity to against any bacterial pathogens.

Lifelong or chronic infection also can be caused by some virus, this situation occurs because of the virus keep continue to replicate in the host body. Some of the virus that common to cause chronic infection such hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. Who are infected with this virus known as "Carrier". The carrier will serve as the infectious virus reservoirs, a disease is said to be endemic if there are a high proportion of carriers in a population.

Disease That Caused By Viruses

Common Cold

This disease is known as a cold, this disease is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract(nose). This virus will affect the sinuses, larynx and the throat. When we expose the virus within 1 or 2 days, there will be some sign and symptoms may appear we will feel. The sign and symptoms may include a sore throat, coughing, sneezing and sometimes we get a headache. It may take a week or more to recover from this virus, but it is different from the symptoms, the symptoms may last up to 3 weeks. Those who are with others health problem may result in the development of pneumonia( Inflammatory condition of the lung).

For your information, the common cold is implicated by over 200 virus strains. The most common virus that can cause common cold is rhinovirus. How the virus spread from a people to another people? Air! Yes, the virus can spread through the air when someone having a close contact with the infected people, then the virus will be transferred to the mouth or nose. Besides, there also some risk factors that may cause we are exposed to the disease, some of the factor is not sleeping well, stress and going to daycare. Body immune's response to the infection is more rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses. Influenza can show similar symptoms as people that suffer cold, but the symptoms are usually more severe. Thus, the runny nose also one of the uncomfortable that caused by the viruses.

There some methods of prevention of the common cold, hand washing, prevent to touch eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands and there is no vaccine that can treat the common cold. There is no cure for common cold, but there are some ways to treat the symptoms. Zinc believe to reduce the symptoms duration. But, we should not use the Antibiotic for sure, this because the Antibiotic is no evidence for cough medicine. We also know that the common cold is a most frequent disease that infects in humans. Approximately, the adult gets 2-3 colds a year meanwhile children may get 6-8 in a year.

Chicken Pox

Chickenpox or Varicella, Varicella Zoster Virus(VZV), this is a virus that known as the main cause of chickenpox. For your information, chickenpox is a highly contagious disease. When someone infected with Chickenpox, it may result in the formation of skin rashes such as itchy blister or skin irritation. Before the skin rash spread to the rest of the body, it will start the skin rash on the back, chest, and face first. There also some complication include bacterial skin infections, brain inflammation and also pneumonia will occur. Chickenpox is more often infected in adults than in children.

This disease spread easily through the infected person's cough, sneeze and also can spread when there has contact with the blister, this disease also known as airborne disease. Before rash appears, the disease will spread from 1-2 days until the lesions skin crusted over. Actually, for those who are not immune through contact with the blisters so shingles may cause them easily to get these disease. People usually only get this disease once in our life, but the virus also can cause reinfection, and the reinfection will not cause any symptoms. I think I will stop here, thanks for reading my post and please keep reading My Biologist's Adventure.

Reference

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^{8. [What is virus?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus)} ^{9. [What is common cold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_cold)} ^{10. [What is chickenpox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chickenpox)} ^{11. [John, Pramod R. John (2008). Textbook of Oral Medicine. Jaypee Brothers Publishers. p. 336. ISBN 9788180615627. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016.](https://books.google.com/books?id=8_jWY8wOGEsC&pg=PA336)} ^{12. [ "Common Cold and Runny Nose" (17 April 2015). CDC. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.](https://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/community/for-patients/common-illnesses/colds.html)} ^{13. [Eccles, Ronald; Weber, Olaf (2009). Common cold. Basel: Birkhäuser. p. 3. ISBN 978-3-7643-9894-1. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016.](https://books.google.com/books?id=rRIdiGE42IEC&pg=PA3)} ^{17. ["Chickenpox (Varicella) Signs & Symptoms". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cdc.gov). 16 November 2011. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.](https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/about/symptoms.html)} ^{18. ["Chickenpox (Varicella) Prevention & Treatment". cdc.gov. 16 November 2011. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.](https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/about/prevention-treatment.html)} ^{19. ["Chickenpox (Varicella) Overview". cdc.gov. 16 November 2011. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.](https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/about/overview.html)} ^{20. [Oxford University Press (December 2014). "chickenpox, n". oed.com. Retrieved February 4, 2015.](https://books.google.com/books?id=rRIdiGE42IEC&pg=PA3)} ^{21. ["Chickenpox (Varicella) Interpreting Laboratory Tests". cdc.gov. 19 June 2012. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.](https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/hcp/lab-tests.html)} ^{22. ["Chickenpox (Varicella) Complications". cdc.gov. 16 November 2011. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.](https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/about/complications.html)}

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