When the Sun Is Big, What's the Planet Earth?

irza (53)in #science • 6 years ago

Hello, our steemians friends meet again I hope you are in good health no shortage of any kind. I'm still eager to write, coincidentally lately I'm not much activity that drains my mind and physical, yes why I do not write something right? ... let's equally excited to start something ...

The Earth has been experiencing significant unhealthy conditions in recent decades as a result of global warming and of course very rapid climate change and, if left unchecked, can continue for several centuries. So when the Sun as a white dwarf leads to the end of its life and as the Earth continues to gradually warm up, do you think the Earth can survive? Or is it a sign of life on Earth also coming to an end?

^{Red Giant Stars.wikimedia}

When our Earth's orbit is eaten by the Sun burning for billions of years to come, the enlarging Sun grows out of control and becomes a super-gigantic star (I can not imagine if I can see it: D). Do we all ever think that the Sun can swallow our beloved planet Earth as it did on our neighboring planet, Mercury and Venus? Astronomers are still discussing in depth to find the answer. And also when at the same time the Sun turns into a white dwarf does life on planet Earth still exist?

The equator of the Sun extends and even passes the distance of the planet Mars, at a time when the Sun is evolving toward the super-red giant star, by the estimates of experts such as Robert Connon Smith and K.-P. Schr¨oder. This is an event when the planet in our solar system is swallowed by the Sun. Mechanisms such as biology and others cannot survive and work on this condition because of rising temperatures on Earth at impossible levels due to increased solar flux at the time.

As the Sun enters the final stage of its evolution of life, it will experience the massive loss of mass through the stellar wind. And as the sun grows (enlarged in size), it will lose mass so that the planets around it move spirals out. Again the question is what about Earth? Will the rising Sun take over spiral planets, or will the Earth and even Venus escape their clutches?

Calculations performed by K.-P Schroder and Robert Cannon Smith show, at a time when the Sun will be a red giant star at the age of 7.59 billion years to come, it will begin to experience mass loss. The sun also at that time will expand, enlarge and will have a radius of 256 times its current radius and its mass will also be reduced to 67% of its current mass. As it expands, the Sun will sweep the entire inner Solar System very quickly, in just 5 million years. After that, he will also begin to enter at the stage of burning helium which will also take place very quickly, only about 130 million years. The sun will continue to expand and expand beyond the orbit of Mercury and then Venus. Well, at that very moment the Sun will approach the Earth, then it will lose mass every year (equivalent to 8% of Earth's mass).

^{Simplistic representation of the stages of stellar evolution,wikipedia}

After reaching the final stage as a red giant, the Sun will scatter the casing and the Sun's core will shrink into Earth-sized objects containing half the mass that the Sun has ever owned. By then, the Sun had become a white dwarf. This compact star is initially very hot with temperatures over 100,000 degrees but without nuclear energy, and it will cool down with the passage of time along with the rest of the planet and asteroids that still surround it.

New Comfortable Area

Currently, Earth is in a habitable/habitable zone in the Solar System. The habitable or habitable zone is an area near the star where the planets in it have liquid water on the surface with average temperatures that support life. In the calculations made by Schroder and Smith, the temperature of the planet can be very extreme and uncomfortable for life, but the main condition of the habitation zone is the presence of liquid water.

^{The size of the current Sun (now in the main sequence) compared to its estimated size during its red-giant phase in the future .wikipedia}

It can not be denied, when the Sun becomes a Red Giant, the habitable zone will vanish quickly. When the Sun surpasses Earth's orbit in a few million years, it will vaporize the Earth's oceans and solar radiation will destroy hydrogen from water. At that time the Earth no longer has the ocean. But, someday, he will meet again. Well when the Earth is no longer in the area of habitation, then what about life in it? Will they survive or possibly adapt to the new conditions? Or is that the end of life's journey on planet Earth?

Interestingly, even though the Earth is no longer in a habitable zone, other planets outside the Earth will enter into the new solar habitable zone of the Sun and they will turn into a habitable planet. The new habitable zone of the Sun will be in the range of 49.4 SA - 71.4 SA. This means the area will also include the Kuiper Belt area, and the ice world that is currently there will melt. Thus the objects around Pluto that once contained ice now actually have water in the form of fluids needed to support life. It could even be that Eris will grow a new life and become a new home for life.

What is our Planet News?

Is this the end of Earth planet journey? Or will the Earth be saved? Based on calculations Schroder and Smith Earth will not be able to save themselves. Even though Earth is expanding its orbit 50% of its orbit now it still has no chance of survival. The expanding sun will swallow the Earth before it reaches the deadline of the period as a red giant. After swallowing the Earth, the Sun will expand by 0.25 SA again and still have 500 thousand years to continue growing.

^{A representative image of the Solar System with sizes, but not distances, to scale,wikipedia}

When the Earth is swallowed, it enters the atmosphere of the Sun. At that time the Earth will experience a collision with the gas particles. Its orbit will shrink and it will move the spiral inside. That's the end of Earth's journey.

Let's reason a little, how can we save the Earth? If the Earth is at a distance of 1.15 SA (currently 1 SA) then it could have survived the phase of the Sun's development. Well, how can we also bring the Earth to that position ?? Although it may look like a science fiction, Schroder and Smith also suggest that future technology can also find ways to increase the speed of the Earth in order to move spiral out of the Sun toward the point of survival.

What is interesting to examine is that humans often love to talk about the future of the Earth billions of years into the future, but in front of the eyes, the damage has started to happen. The earth is now suffering from the initial damage caused by human activities, and this will continue to happen. It could be the end of the Earth's journey not caused by the evolution of the sun, but by the human activity itself. But it could be that humans will find their own way to get away from the worst situation that will be faced. Thanks!