Satoshi Nakamoto

Satoshi - Means 'Clear Thinking' it's also 'the smallest fraction of a Bitcoin that can be sent' which is  0.00000001 BTC,  a hundredth of a millionth BTC.

Nakamoto - Naka means 'Inside', Moto means 'The Foundation'.

'Clear-thinking inside the foundation'.

Nakamoto has claimed to be a man living in Japan, born on 5 April 1975. However, speculation about the true identity of Nakamoto has mostly focused on a number of cryptography and computer science experts of non-Japanese descent, living in the United States and Europe. The public Bitcoin transaction log shows that Nakamoto's known Bitcoin addresses contain roughly one million bitcoins. As of 18th June 2017, this is the equivalent of over US $2.8 billion.

In October 2008, Nakamoto published a paper on 'The Cryptography Mailing list' at metzdowd.com describing the Bitcoin digital currency. It was titled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. In January 2009, Nakamoto released the first bitcoin software that launched the network and the first units of the bitcoin cryptocurrency called Bitcoins. Satoshi Nakamoto released the Version 0.1 of Bitcoin software on Sourceforge on 9 January 2009. Nakamoto claimed that work on the writing of the code began in 2007. The inventor of Bitcoin knew that due to its nature the core design would have to be able to support a broad range of transaction types. The implemented solution enabled specialised codes and data fields from the start through the use of a predictive script. Nakamoto created a website with the domain name bitcoin.org and continued to collaborate with other developers on the bitcoin software until mid-2010. Around this time, he handed over control of the source code repository and network alert key to Gavin Andresen, transferred several related domains to various prominent members of the bitcoin community, and stopped his involvement in the project. Until shortly before his absence and handover, Nakamoto made all modifications to the source code himself. The inventor left a text message in the first mined block which reads 'The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks'. The text refers to a headline in The Times published on 3 January 2009. It is a strong indication that the first block was mined no earlier than this date. The genesis block has a timestamp of 18:15:05 GMT on January 3 2009. This block is unlike all other blocks in that it doesn't have previous block to reference. This required the use of custom code to mine it. Timestamps for subsequent blocks indicate that Nakamoto did not try to mine all the early blocks solely for himself in an effort to benefit from a Ponzi Scheme. As the sole, predominant early miner the inventor was awarded Bitcoin at Genesis and for 10 days afterwards. Except for test transactions these remain unspent since mid January 2009. 

WHY MAKE BITCOIN?

 “The root problem with conventional currency is all the trust that’s required to make it work. The central bank must be trusted not to debase the currency, but the history of fiat currencies is full of breaches of that trust. Banks must be trusted to hold our money and transfer it electronically, but they lend it out in waves of credit bubbles with hardly a fraction in reserve.”
                                      -Satoshi Nakamoto.

Basically after the 2008 financial crash he did'nt trust banks and sought a new way of transferring/storing money fast and easy with anonymity.

WHY BE ANONYMOUS?

No one really knows why. There are many rumours/speculation as to why Nakamoto remains anonymous. From rogue A.I,  Illumanati theories, hiding from governments, hackers, papperazzi, terrorists to he never existed at all.

Others say if you look at Satoshi's posting history on Bitcointalk it looks like his waking hours may have corresponded to Eastern time zone (North America). 

CANDIDATES

Nick Szabo - A blogger linked to the Bitcoin white paper.

Dorian Nakamoto - Japanese/American man living in California whos birth name was Satoshi Nakamoto.

Hal Finney - A pre-Bitcoin cryptographic pioneer and the first person (other than Satoshi himself) to use the software. He also lived a few blocks from Dorian Nakamoto's family home.

Craig Steven Wright -   On 2 May 2016, Craig Wright posted on his blog publicly claiming to be Satoshi Nakamoto. In articles released on the same day, journalists from the BBC and The Economist stated that they saw Wright signing a message using the private key associated with the first bitcoin transaction. Wright's claim was supported by Jon Matonis (former director of the Bitcoin Foundation) and bitcoin developer Gavin Andresen, both of whom met Wright and witnessed a similar signing demonstration. 

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