Why India's Modi failed to win outright majority

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has secured a third term in office, but his Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is expected to fall short of a majority in parliament, dealing a blow to his dominance in Indian politics. The election results indicate a resurgence for the Congress Party-led opposition alliance, defying earlier predictions of their decline. Mr. Modi's supporters attribute his win to stable governance, efficient welfare programs, and an enhanced global image. However, the BJP's significant drop in seats may be linked to issues such as joblessness, rising prices, and divisive campaigns targeting Muslims. The election outcomes suggest a return to coalition politics, with the BJP dependent on allies, and a jolt to the BJP's dominance, restoring India to a more competitive political landscape. The opposition, led by Rahul Gandhi, has gained momentum and will likely pose a stronger challenge to the BJP in upcoming state elections. Mr. Modi's potential third term faces challenges, including economic inequality, unemployment, and social tensions, with a need for healing and inclusive policies.