Šećerna bolest " DIABETES"

in #medicine6 years ago (edited)
  • Šta je šećerna bolest ?

Šećerna bolest (diabetes mellitus) je oboljenje kod koga je povišena glukoza (šećer) u krvi, a ćelije ostaju gladne šećera.

  • Zašto se to dešava ?

Zato što iz nekih razloga glukoza ne može iz krvi da pređe u ćelije.

To su dva razloga: ili nema dovoljno insulina da uvede glukozu u ćeliju, ili ima dovoljno insulina, ali ćelija slabije reaguje na njegovo dejstvo.

Kada nema dovoljno insulina onda je to dijabetes tip 1, autoimuno oboljenje pokrenuto najčešće nekom virusnom infekcijom, kod koga je organizam počeo da uništava delove gušterače u kojima se stvara insulin.
Posledica je sve manje insulina. Ovaj oblik dijabetesa leči se uzimanjem insulina propisanog od strane lekara. Insulin se mora uzimati savesno jer može dovesti do hipoglikemičke kome, koja je po život opasno stanje.

Drugi oblik dijabetesa je dijabetes tip 2, koji nastaje jer ćelije slabije reaguju na dejstvo insulina.

Najčešći uzrok dijabetesa tip 2 je gojaznost. Može se dobro kontrolisati posebnim načinom ishrane za dijabetičare koji podrazumeva i održavanje normalne telesne mase. Ukoliko se ovo zdravstveno stanje „zapusti”, lekovi su neophodni, prvo antidijadetici, a kasnije i insulin.

Postoji još i dijabetes u trudnoći, kao i ostali (ređi) oblici dijabetesa, kao što je šećerna bolest nakon nakon uzimanja kortikosteroida. aaa.png

Faktori rizika

  • Gojaznost

  • Preteran unos prostih šećera kao što su slatkiši, beli šećer, gazirani sokovi

  • Virusne Infekcije

  • Stres

  • Nedovoljna fizička aktivnost

  • Kako se izboriti sa problemom ?

Najbolji način prevencije i ublažavanja napredovanja bolesti je umeren, zdrav stil života - pravilna ishrana , fizička aktivnost , redovno uzimanje terapije, redovni sistematski i zakazani kontrolni pregledi.

Pravilna ishrana treba da bude takva da održava optimalnu telesnu masu i obezdeđuje sve neophodne hranljive supstance u optimalnim količinama.

Smanjiti unoso prostih ugljenih hidrata (slatkiši, beli šećer), a povećati unos biljnih vlakana (ovsene, pšenične pahuljice).

Text preuzet sa http://www.max-medica.com/o-zdravlju/secerna-bolest.html

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