Colour blindness - What is it about?

Hello world, in this post i'm gonna' share for you a little research what i made in my highschool for a few homeworks, it is about the Colour blindness.

Well, here it is, enjoy and share.

Colour blindness

Color blindness (also called color deficiency) occurs when colors can not be seen normally. Commonly, color blindness occurs when someone can not distinguish between certain colors, usually between green and red, and occasionally blue.

Put simply, Daltonism is the inability to see certain colors in the usual way.

This alteration owes its name to the English scientist John Dalton, who was the first described case of color blindness.

There are multiple variants of this disorder; in fact, it could be said that no color blind see exactly the same as another. By making a classification, three types of color blindness can be distinguished:

• Dicromatism
• Abnormal trichromatism
• Achromatopsia

• Dicromatism
The most common form is dichromatism, which affects the cones charged with capturing red or green.

• Abnormal trichromatism
It has similar effects, although milder, In this case, the individual presents the three types of cones, but there is some deficiency in them that prevents a totally normal operation.

• Achromatopsia
Finally, the most serious case of color blindness is the so-called achromatopsia, as a result of which the individual suffering from it appreciates only differences in the gray scale.

Causes.

Color blindness occurs when there is a problem with pigments in certain nerve cells of the eye that perceive color. These cells are called cones and are found in the layer of light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye, called the retina.

If only one pigment is missing, you may have difficulty differentiating between red and green, which is the most common type of color blindness. If a different pigment is missing, you may have difficulty seeing the blue and yellow colors.

People with color blindness for blue and yellow often have trouble identifying red and green colors too.
This alteration has a genetic origin; it is a disorder of inheritance linked to sex, that is, the affected gene is in one of the sex chromosomes.

In this case it is a recessive gene linked to the X chromosome; This means that all men who inherit an X chromosome with the defective gene will suffer the disorder and that women, on the other hand, will only suffer it if both chromosomes present the gene.

This explains why cases of color blindness in women are rare, while approximately one in ten men presents some form of color blindness.

Characteristics and consequences

Color blind people can not exercise professions such as police, engineers, mechanics or aviation pilots, since it is necessary to have a good perception of color when dealing with land, air and maritime transport. Nor can they access certain positions in the textile and graphic industry, photography and painting, among others.

While experts reduce the color blindness to a lesser evil, those who suffer differ: The problems arising from color blindness are enough, although they may seem superficial.

We talk about not being able to choose jobs and having difficulties to see daily.

People with color blindness do not have any problem to develop in society and it does not happen that they are badly combined.

Diagnosis or Treatment

The fastest method to diagnose it is by means of the proof of Stilling and Ishihara plates, that represent numerous points of the different primary colors arranged on bottoms of similar colors, grouped so that a normal person can distinguish in them numbers or well-known forms.

Another method is the Farnsworth Test, which is made up of a set of colored tiles that are differentiated by their tonality and are numbered on the back. The patient must order them according to the color graduation.

Well, this is my little research about the Colour blindness.

Thanks!