#Earth and its pain №6 Cataclysms for the week from February 26 to March 4, 2018

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By the middle of the century, more than 5 billion people will experience water problems. The reservoirs of the planet are becoming increasingly polluted. Experts warn of further deterioration of water quality and the dangers, which in this regard threaten humanity. In particular, it is expected that by the middle of the century 1.6 billion people will be affected by the floods - almost 20 percent of the world population. This is stated in the UN report, presented on Monday at the 8th World Water Forum in Brazil, UN Radio reported. The authors of the report suggest not to be limited to the construction of treatment facilities and irrigation canals, but to use environmentally friendly projects to solve water management problems. In particular, it is about increasing the area of ​​forest plantations, improving the quality of soil and using rainwater. "We need to learn new approaches to the use of water resources to cope with the problems associated with population growth and climate change," Audrey Azule, Director-General of UNESCO, said in her presentation of the report in Brazil. "If you do not take action, then by 2050, about five billion people will live in regions that are poorly provided with water."

WMO: Climate change has led to record financial losses, massive relocations and the spread of disease. The consequences of climate change last year led to record financial losses - they amounted to 320 billion dollars. The costs were primarily due to the extremely active hurricane season in the North Atlantic, monsoon rains and floods in the Indian subcontinent and severe drought in some regions of Africa. The authors of the report confirm the conclusion reached earlier: 2017 was one of the three warmest in the history of observation and the warmest of those years when the climatic phenomenon of El Niño did not influence the weather. The global air temperature rose by 1.1 degrees Celsius compared with the pre-industrial level. The average figure of five years also exceeded the record mark. "The beginning of 2018 was the continuation of 2017, extreme weather events again take lives and destroy farms," ​​Petteri Taalas, Secretary General of the WMO, said while presenting the report. "In the Arctic, unusually warm weather is observed, while the densely populated regions of the Northern Hemisphere suffer from severe cold and destructive winter storms." He recalled that Australia and Argentina are suffering from periods of extreme heat, Kenya and Somalia are suffering from drought, and the South African city of Cape Cod is experiencing an acute shortage of water.

In Argentina, the famous ice arch collapsed. The ice bridge, which was part of a glacier on the edge of Argentina, fell on a deep night, frustrating the plans of thousands of tourists who hoped to see the phenomenon with their own eyes. An arch of natural origin in the Los Glaciares National Park in the Patagonia region collapsed on the night of Sunday to Monday during a storm when the park was closed, the administration of the reserved area said on Monday. The arch forms regularly in the glacier Perito Moreno, when streams of water destroy the ice. In 2004, the ice bridge collapsed after standing for 16 years. Since then, the destruction of the arch began to occur almost every four years. "It's always spectacular. The fact is that this time more water accumulated than in the previous three or four times, "- said Luciano Bernacci, director of the ice museum" Glaciarium. "

A geyser awakened in Yellowstone, asleep since 2014. In the evening on last Friday (by US time), employees of the Yellowstone National Park reported that on Thursday began the eruption of Steamboat Geyser - the world's tallest active geyser, asleep since 2014. The geyser is in the popular viewing area, known as the Gates Norris pool, and its eruption occurred around 7:30 pm, which attracted dozens of excited spectators. According to eyewitnesses, the geyser roared like a steamer or locomotive (for which it was given the name) and the beginning of its eruption was accompanied by a palpable wince of the earth. Immediately afterwards, crowds of nearby people ran to the geyser to see with their own eyes the water column before it disappeared. Historically, the geyser erupts an average of once every 50 years, but sometimes the interval between eruptions of the cycle can be only 4 days. Until 2014 there was another eruption in 2013, but before that the geyser slept after a series of very frequent, short eruptions from 1989 to 1991. The remaining eruptions of Steamboat Geyser were in 1961 and in 1911, respectively. In the opinion of independent experts, such an unusual change in the periodicity of the geyser against the background of an uninterrupted seismic swarm in the area of ​​the Maple Creek is directly related to the advance towards the surface of the magma.

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