Ancient History of Bengal

Bangladesh and West Bengal in recent history is the history of the last four Millenniums. In a sense, the Ganges and the Brahmaputra had been cut off Bengal from the mainland of India. However, India took an important role in the history of Bengali. The region was known as gangaridai to the ancient Romans and Greeks.

Ancient History

The Copper Age almost four thousand-year-old ruins were found in Bengal. After the Indo-Aryans, Anga, Vanga and Magadha kingdom was established in the tenth century BC. This was established around the states and Bengali. Vanga and Magadha state organs first described in the conceivably around 1000 BC.

Most of the areas of the sixth century BC were part of the powerful kingdom of Magadha. The kingdom of Magadha was an ancient Indo-Aryan. The Ramayana and the Mahabharata found Magadha. It was one of the four main kingdoms of India at the time of the Buddha. Bimbisarera enhances the ability of Magadha (reign 544-491 BC) and his son Ajatsutru (reign 491-460 BC) period.

Magadha had most land of Bihar and Bengal. In 326 BC Empire of Alexander the Great's army moved towards the Nanda and Magadha border. The army was tired and afraid to face Indian army near the Ganges River in India. The army revolted, refused further to go east. Alexander then meets his assistant kainasa and decided to return.

Maurya Empire was formed magadhei. Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Maurya Empire. The Maurya Empire had spread in South Asia, the Persian, and Afghanistan in reign of Asoka’s. Subsequently, the powerful Gupta Empire, which develops magadhei had spread the northern Indian subcontinent and parts of Persia and Afghanistan.

The initial conditions of the era

Gaur State

Shashank was the first independent king of Bengal, who ruled from AD 637 to AD 606. Perhaps he was a feudal emperor under Gupta. He was probably kidnapped rajyasri who was sister of Harshavardhana. This is why war was beginning with Harshavardhana. Seeing his strength the royal Kamrup Bhaskarvarman established an alliance with his enemy Harshavardhana. After the death of Shashank in 637 AD, his empire collapse and create an unsettled situation in Bengal which is called Bengali matsyanyaya.

spear
Copper age spear

Matsyanyaya

In 637 AD, after the death of Emperor of Gauda shashanka history of Bengal is lawlessness. This lasts for about a hundred and fifty years. This time, many small states were created in Bangla. War, assassinations, oppression rate was up to extremes. The plight of the poor people was not the end of misery. Not having permanent administration strength had the last word.
Pal dynasty
During the Matsyanyayera the people of Bangla elected a feudal king Gopal by elections as a king. Gopa was the founder of Pal dynasty. Two of the most powerful king of the Pala dynasty Dharmapala (reigned 775-810 AD) and Devapala (reigned 810-850 AD).

Rule of Muslim

Since the beginning of the eighth century, Muslim rule in the subcontinent lasted until the mid-twentieth century.

Islamic rule in India was started in 712 by the conquest of Sindh by Muhammad bin Qasim. In 712 blessings are bred by the Khalifa of Damesk Al-Walid and conducted by the Baghdad governor Hajjaj bin Yusuf Qasim earn the victory of Islam and discipline debuted in India. During 1590 the Muslim ruler of the Mughal emperor Akbar's tightly under the control of the region was almost completely in India. Under Emperor Aurangzeb (1658-1707) control of Muslim was extended more. Battle of Polashi in 1757, the British East India Company forces of the Nawab of Bengal Siraja Ud – Daulah defeat marked the beginning of the end of the rule of Islam in India. The last of the effective end of Muslim rule in India was defeated by British in 1799 Mahisurera independent Muslim ruler Tipu Sultan.

British rule

Two famine of British rule led lot of death. The first famine in 1770 AD and second took place in1943 AD. During the reign of the British East India Company in Bengal famine of 1770 was the biggest in the history of famine. One third of the deaths occurred in 1770 and subsequent years. One third of the deaths occurred in 1770 and subsequent years. Sepoy revolt ended the rule of the East India Company in 1857 AD and Bengali directly under the administration of the British royal family. Bengali was very good rice-producing region, and here they were made of fine cotton muslin. The region is also the world's leading providers of demand for jute. Since 1850, Bengal is India's main industrial area to grow. The industrial and newly developed originally built in suburban areas around Kolkata. But most of the people of Bengal were still more dependent on agriculture. Although a leading role in politics and culture of the people of India, particularly in East Bengal was still very backward districts. When Queen Victoria Empress of India in 1877 AD. When the title was awarded to the British, Calcutta was declared the capital of the British Raj.

Bengali Renaissance

Partition

In August 1947, the People's Republic of British-ruled India was divided into India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan became two separate states. They share Bengal a part of India as West Bengal and the East Bengal became a part of Pakistan. In 1905, the British government through the formation of a separate state of East Bengal and Assam marked the beginning of the first partition. Later In 1911 which was canceled through a strong movement of people.