I use a Meadow Creature broadfork to break new ground and prep my garden beds. The broadfork lifts and improves air and drainage without overturningthe soil.

To establish a new bed, I put down cardboard and mulch or compost after the fork. I have read that it’s better to put the compost under the cardboard instead of on top.

Lately though I’ve been trying the no dig method of Charles Dowding.