Assalamualaikum all steemit member. As most of us know that Smart cards are a real joy in this new age of technology! As we live in a world of technological advances, we all rely on technological trends in every aspect of our lives. Today I am going to discuss about the working of Smart cards.

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The 21st century has made online shopping and cash payments easier and smarter than ever. So how did all of this happen? We all know the answer.
The advent of Smart Cards has made this easier and easier. Its impact has been felt in all sectors, be it small or large

What Is a Smart Card?

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A smart card is about changing a small piece of rectangular card into a 'smart' one. These cards are ready to be placed in our wallets or back pockets. This is where the biggest benefits of the smart card come in.
These cards are used by banks, shops, educational institutions, offices etc for various transaction purposes. Although these cards are available in different sizes and forms, they all serve the same purpose, namely, the technology that drives them.
The smart card enables security and convenience of any purchase. Back-end technology helps users store unique personal information.

Why are these ‘Smart’ Cards?

These cards are called ‘smart’ cards because they really are! These cards contain a large amount of confidential card holder information. Contains an integrated circuit chip.
Users can use technology to make payments, trade transactions, pay bills, etc. without cash on hand.
As we know, there are many smart card apps. Some of them are: -
•E-cash
•Government ID
•Credit cards
•Computer security programs
•Bank
•Wireless communication
•Satellite TV

How to Make Smart Cards

The creation of smart cards involves four major steps.

1) Design

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This is an advanced step that requires the editor or designer to set the clock speed, chip memory size, variable memory types, operating system, etc.
The programmer must create the card application software based on the type of card. It should also add the required features.

2) Chip construction

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During this second phase, a silicon chip is repaired. This silicon chip is connected to wires by tying them together or by tying them together. After that, the chip on the board substrate is sealed with epoxy resin and attached to the cardboard substrate. The substrate is usually made of any synthetic plastic or using PVC.

3) Writing codes

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By using special commands, codes are inserted into the chip memory.
This is an important and important part of making cards.

4) Loading data

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User personal information is included in this final section.

How the Smart Card Works?

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The smart card does not work alone. It requires a smart card reader to work. The card contains an embedded memory chip contained in the communication pad. Once the contact pad has been removed from the card, it is no longer smart.
In a card study, the contact pad meets the reader and performs the processing. So it helps you to trade via POS (point of sale) or some other way to make a transaction.
However, there are two types of cards - contactless cards. The use of non-touch cards increases rapidly because they are easier to use.

Types of Smart Cards

Machine-based classification

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Based on the performance of the cards, they are divided into three categories:
1•Contact Smart Cards
2•Contactless smart Cards
3•Hybrid Cards

1. Contact Smart Cards

These are smart cards that are widely used.
credit cards, ATM cards, , SIM cards etc fall into this category.
Here the cards are inserted into the card lessons, read the information stored on the contact pad and make transactions as needed.

2. Contactless smart card

As the name implies, these cards do not need a reader. It works using Near Field Communication technology or uses radio waves that establish wireless communication between smart cards and wherever you intend to use them.

3. Hybrid Cards

Hybrid cards are dual-capacity cards. These cards can be used for both physical and virtual card study. These cards are rarely used. Configuration based on configuration
The smart cards are divided into two parts, based on their configuration
1•Memory cards
2•Microprocessors

1. Memory cards

These types of cards are for temporary use only. This type of card can only read, write or store data. The memory capacity of these cards is relatively low and cards are often discarded after use. Stored data cannot be edited or modified on this type of card.

2. Small processors

Microprocessors operate as small computers with flexible memory. These are portable and can be put in our pockets.
These have great memory so you can write, read, rewrite, organize and manage data as needed.

Applications of Smart Cards

Smart cards used as
•They are used as payment cards as credit / debit cards. Such cards are issued by commercial companies or banks.
•Hospitals use these cards to store patient information.
•Electronic benefits transfer(EBT)cards are used for the distribution of government benefits.
•Smart cards used by educational institutions, government officials etc to control access.

Benefits of Smart Card

•Smart cards are highly secure as they are encrypted with encryption and personal user information and purchases are secure.
•Smart cards are smaller in size so they are not portable.
• Smart cards help our economy by reducing transaction costs by removing paper.
•smart cards can be used for many tasks such as paying bills, booking tickets, paying for food etc.
•Smart cards are more reliable than magnetic line cards.

Disadvantages of Smart Card

•It tends to be easily damaged.
•Smart cards are expensive to build.
•Smart-Card reader availability is required.
As we conclude the great advantage of smart cards is the security it provides and the compatibility it provides to users. The advent of smart cards has made transactions easier. Users can store personal data and other information reliably. These cards are a delight for users and for years to come.

Many thanks to
@cryptokraze
@suboohi
@vvarishay and all siz staff for support.
Regards,
@ansooch