Periodic Table: 20. Calcium | 27 Feb 2023 | @rey01v

Calcium is an atomic number 20 chemical element with the symbol Ca. Phosphorus is an essential mineral required for many bodily functions, including the growth and maintenance of strong bones and teeth, the contraction of muscles, the operation of neurons, blood clotting, and enzyme activity.

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Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and is found in a wide variety of sources, including dairy products, leafy green vegetables, fortified foods, and supplements. The human body contains around 1-2 kilograms of calcium, with 99% of it being stored in the bones and teeth.

Calcium is crucial for the development and maintenance of healthy bones and teeth, and a deficiency in this mineral can lead to osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones. Additionally, calcium is involved in muscle contraction, including the beating of the heart, and helps to regulate nerve impulses.

Calcium is also essential for blood clotting, as it helps to activate a series of proteins involved in the clotting process. Without sufficient calcium, the body is unable to form clots properly, which can lead to excessive bleeding and other complications.

Despite its importance, many people do not consume enough calcium in their diets. The recommended daily intake of calcium for adults is 1000-1200 milligrams, depending on age and gender. Calcium-rich foods include dairy products, such as milk, cheese, and yogurt, as well as leafy green vegetables like kale and spinach.

In cases where dietary intake is insufficient, calcium supplements may be necessary. However, it's important to note that excessive calcium intake can lead to health problems, including kidney stones and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it's essential to follow recommended daily intake guidelines and speak with a healthcare professional before taking calcium supplements.

Uses of Calcium

Building and Construction:

Calcium is used in the construction industry as a key ingredient in cement, concrete, and mortar. It helps to bind the materials together, increase their strength, and improve their durability. Additionally, calcium is used in the production of bricks, tiles, and other building materials.

Agriculture:

Calcium is an important nutrient for plant growth and is used in agriculture to improve soil fertility and increase crop yields. It helps to strengthen plant cell walls, enhance root development, and improve nutrient uptake. Calcium is also used as a fertilizer in the form of lime, gypsum, and other calcium-containing compounds.

Health and Nutrition:

Calcium is essential for strong bones and teeth and is used in various supplements and fortified foods to prevent and treat osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones. Additionally, calcium is involved in muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting.

Metals and Alloys:

Calcium is used as a deoxidizer, desulfurizer, and decarbonizer in the production of various metals and alloys, including steel, aluminum, and magnesium. It helps to remove impurities and improve the quality of the final product.

Water Treatment:

To eliminate contaminants and enhance water quality, calcium is employed in the water treatment process. It aids in lowering water hardness, which can damage pipes and appliances and create scaling. Calcium is also used to make compounds for water purification, including chlorine.

Pharmaceuticals:

Calcium is used in the production of various pharmaceuticals, including antacids, laxatives, and calcium supplements. It helps to neutralize stomach acid, relieve constipation, and promote bone health.

Conclusion

In conclusion, calcium is a flexible and necessary mineral that serves a variety of functions in a wide range of sectors. It can be used in anything from agriculture, health and nutrition, metals and alloys, water treatment, and pharmaceuticals to building and construction.