SLC21/WK6 || Electricity bill and Electrical Cable, Circuit Breaker size Calculation
Assalam-o-Alaikum! |
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Write three key differences between XLPE and PVC cables. |
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- XLPE cables are ideal for heavy-duty work like power transmission in industries or underground systems.
- PVC cables are commonly used in house wiring and small domestic appliances because they are affordable.
- XLPE cables may cost more but they offer better performance and lifespan. Here are the some difference
Feature | XLPE Cables | PVC Cables |
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Material | XLPE stands for Cross-Linked Polyethylene, a tough material resistant to heat and chemicals. | PVC stands for Polyvinyl Chloride, commonly used for insulation but less heat-resistant. |
Heat Resistance | XLPE can handle higher temperatures (up to 90°C for continuous use and up to 250°C in short circuits). | PVC can handle only lower temperatures (up to 70°C for continuous use and 160°C in short circuits). |
Durability | XLPE is more durable, lasts longer, and resists chemicals, water, and wear better. | PVC is less durable, degrades faster, and is less resistant to environmental factors. |
Additional Ideas:
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Write three key differences between single-core, two-core, and three-core cables. |
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Cables with a single core: Only one wire is enclosed in an insulated layer in single core cables. The majority of the time, these are utilized for basic connections such as domestic wiring for fans and lighting. They may carry electricity for smaller electrical equipment and are inexpensive and easy to install. Although single core cables are flexible and lightweight they are not the best for large loads. When connections don't require several wires electricians frequently employ them. They can only be used in low power circuits or single phase systems but they are simpler to replace and repair.
Cables with two cores: Two insulated wires are found in two core cables one for returning current (neutral) and one for carrying it (live). These are frequently found in single-phase appliances such as chargers, table lamps and other small household gadgets that don't need to be earthed. Cables with two cores are safer and balanced connections since they manage both neutral and live currents at the same time. They provide an excellent balance for minor household requirements because they are lightweight and adaptable. They are not advised therefore for equipment that needs to be grounded or for heavy duty electrical systems.
Cables with three cores: The three wires that make up a three core cable are usually earth neutral and live. These work well with high power appliances such as industrial motors refrigerators, and washing machines. By shielding people from shocks during malfunctions the earth wire increases safety. Depending on the application three core cables are perfect for both single phase and three phase systems. Although they cost more and are a little bigger they provide better performance and safety. They are appropriate for both home and commercial use due to their multi wire structure and durability which guarantees dependability for demanding connections.
Write about peak and off-peak hours in your country. |
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Peak hours: The largest demand for power in Pakistan occurs during peak hours. The majority of people are at home during these evenings from 6 PM to 10 PM when lights, fans and appliances are being used. Because so many individuals are consuming power at once during these hours, electricity costs more. In order to prevent overloading the system, power companies advise consumers to save electricity during certain times. To reduce electricity costs, avoid doing intensive tasks like ironing or operating large machinery.
0ff-peak hours: During early mornings late evenings and afternoons there is a lower demand for power. Because fewer people are consuming electricity during these hours, it is less expensive. These are the best times to run in Pakistan.appliances that use a lot of energy, such air conditioners, heaters and washing machines. You can lower your electricity costs and lessen the strain on the national system by using electricity during off-peak hours. It is a clever method of controlling electricity use and preventing wasteful spending. Importance of Peak and Off-Peak Hours It is crucial to comprehend peak and off-peak hours in order to support the nation electrical grid and save money. Since Pakistan frequently experiences power outages prudent energy management helps minimize load shedding. When people plan their high-energy activity for off-peak hours, they can significantly reduce their electricity costs. By reducing needless power use during peak hours it is also a tiny effort to support the nation. Everyone life can be easier and more economical if they are aware of these schedules.
Calculate your house load and prepare the electricity bill for November 2024 by following Example 1. |
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In my house, three lights of 30 watts are on for 5 hours per day, four fans of 70 watts are on for 6 hours per day, and a room heater of 70 watts is on for 3 hours per day. Our electricity company's electricity bill per unit is 0.15 Steem. How much will my electricity bill be in November 2024?
Calculate the total electricity bill with the HT meter values given in Example 2 and design an electricity bill in Excel.
Figure out the cable and circuit breaker sizes you need to setup a 20 ampere, 220 volts, and power factor (PF) 0.9 washing machine at home.
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@neelofar from Pakistan
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