SEC S20W5 || Hemolytic Anemias - Module 5

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Hello friends! I'm @moazzamushtaq from #pakistan and I warmly welcome all of you to my post. I hope that you all will be fine and will be enjoying your lives. Today I'm going to participate in one of the amazing topic from SEC-S20w5, organized by @dexsyluz and @aaliarubab. The topic is "Hemolytic Anemia". Let's start the topic;

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Define Anemias Hemolíticas

The destruction of red blood cells (erythrocytes) is called hemolytic anemia. This is a kind of disturbance in the body which is caused by premature death of blood cells. This cause in the lack of blood in the body which results in anemia. In this condition the destruction of red blood cells occurs fasters as compared to RBCs forming process by bone marrow. The lacking of blood in the body results in fatigue, darkening of urine, yellowing of skin, jaundice and lethargic condition.

There are two types of hemolytic anemia, intravascular (within the veins) and extravascular (outside the veins). If there's destruction of blood cells within the veins than condition will be called as intravascular anemia and if this destruction is outside the lo s e.g: in spleen than we will call it extravascular anemia.

Hemolytic anemia can be caused by any disorder which is autoamune. Inherited disorders caused the destruction of red blood cells like thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. If a person is consuming pencilline, he can be face this disease. Severe blood disorders like leukemia and lymphoma can also be a severe cause. Hemolytic anemia is treated by medicines, transfusions of blood or removal of spleen. If anyone is noticing it's symptoms, he must contact to doctor at time for preventing critical situations.

Define Anemia Drepanocítica

Anemia drepanocitica or sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder that effects the normal production of hemoglobin in the body. Due to lack of hemoglobin, the red blood cells become sickle shape and become susceptible to destroy earlier. In this condition we feel contineous sharp pain, yellowish of skin and eyes which is also occurs in jaundice and also we feel low energy in our body.

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This inherited condition is very dangerous cause damage of many organs within the body like liver, kidney and sometime also cause blindness of eyes. It's treatment is done by transfusion of blood and using antibiotics. If all these fail to cure this disease than doctor recommend stem cell transplant which is more effective for treatment of sickle cell anemia.

Hemolisis intravascular vs Hemolisis extravascular

Intravascular hemolysis	Extravascular hemolysis
By it's name we can understand that "intra" mean "within" and "vascular" reffers to "blood vessels". So intravascular hemolysis is a disease occurs within the blood vessels.	By it's name we can understand that "extra" mean "outside" and "vascular" reffers to "blood vessels". So extravascular hemolysis is a disease occurs outside the blood vessels.
A process occurs inside the blood veins	A process occurs outside the veins. e.g in spleen, liver, bone marrow.
This can cause of darkening of urine as it release hemoglobin into the blood stream.	It can lead to yellowish of skin especially eyes as happen in jaundice.
The symptoms are darkness of urine, pale skin, fatigue and low haptoglobin.	The enlarged of spleen and gallstones due to low bilirubin.

Explique un caso de Anemia Hemolítica

case:

Suppose there was a 30 years male suffering from autoimmune hemolytic anemia. He went to doctor for checkup. Doctor took his clinical history. After examining the patient, the doctor came to know some symptoms in patien about hemolytic anemia. The symptoms were darkening of urine, weakness, lethargic condition, breathing difficulty, some chills and fever. Doctor advised him to went for lab tests (bilirubin and coombs test). At that time his hemoglobin level was 7 g/dl which was less as normal level.

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In bilirubin test, doctor came to know that his bilirubin level was 4 mg/dl which was also higher than normal. In coombs test, auto antibodies was detected against red blood cells. After seeing the results of tests, doctor told him that he is suffering hemolytic anemia. For treatment, doctor advised the patient for using corticosteroids injections, some antibiotics, blood transfusion and hemoglobin therapy. After three weeks his feedback was that his symptoms of hemolytic anemia had started to resolve.

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