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Greetings to you dear kids, welcome to today's class and your lesson is presented below.

Introduction

People exchange ideas, facts and opinions in their daily interactions. In fact as you are reading this lesson, transmission of information is taking place. When we send and receive information, we are communicating. In this lesson, we will discuss communication as a process of transmitting information.

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Meaning of Communication

Communication is simply defined as the exchange of thoughts and intensions. It is also referred to as the act of sharing information about people. Information can be shared through various means like writing, speaking, signs etc. The objective of communication is to convey information to a person in such a way that the receiver will understand the message exactly the way the sender intended.
Effective communication is a skill that can be learnt.

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Types of Communication

In this lesson, I will be talking about two types of communication, these are:

1. Verbal communication and
2. Non-verbal communication

1. Verbal Communication: This is when ideas, messages or feelings are expressed by word of mouth. This type of communication gives immediate feedback (reply). Verbal communication is the major way of communicating face-to-face. The means of verbal communication includes, radio, video and television.

2. Non-Verbal Communication: This is the type of communication that involves sending and receiving messages without using words. This is expressed through body language, as eye contact, posture tone of voice or facial expressions.

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Forms of Communication

There are two forms of communications, these are as follows:

Traditional communication

This is as old as human history. The device used under this form are as follows:

i. Use of objects: In the olden days, people could pass special messages to others with the sending of different symbolic objects to them. For example, palm frond (to indicate someone has died); sword or knife (asking the receiver to prepare for war); white piece of cloth (surrender and request for peace); red piece of cloth (warning against danger); placing green leaves at road junctions (meaning the person has returned home from a journey), etc.

ii. Smoke or fire lighting: This is used to indicate a new happening or the arrival of an important guest to the community. It is a way of communicating with some people far away for help when someone is stranded or lost in a lonely place.

iii. Gongs: Gongs are beaten by towncriers (palace messengers) to call village people together so that the important information may be passed to the people. Gongs are made of cast iron and beaten with stick to make hallow sounds.

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iv. Gunshot: This is used to alert people to prepare for an event. Shooting of guns can also be used to announce the coming of a great or important person. It is also used to mark the burial of an important individual e.g a traditional ruler or a hunter in the community.

v. Drumbeats: There are special drums known as talking drums, that are used to communicate information at different locations. These drums could be beaten to usher in a king to the palace, sing praises to an individual etc.

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vi. Flute and Horn: Special messages could be passed to the people in a community with the sound of a flute and a horn usually from the rulers' Palace. The sound could announce the presence of an important person, telling people to prepare for war or other messages to those who could interpret the sound.

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Modern Communication

The modern discoveries which ushered in information and telecommunication technology (ICT) have made communication easy and efficient. The modern communication media include the following;

i. Radio: The radio has been around for a long time. It is a related cheap way of informing and entertaining people. The radio still remain one of the most important media of communication.

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ii. Television: The television is a common means of communication in homes. It is a medium of advertising goods and services and an important source of entertainment and news.
The television has a wider appeal than the radio because it has a screen which displays image so people can watch rather than just listen to what is being broadcast.

iii. Telephone: Telephone allows us to communicate with anybody in any part of the world through cables. The telephone was invented by Graham Bell in 1861. Some telephone can record the voice of the caller. There are some that can deliver recorded messages to caller.

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iv. Mobile phones: This is a portable and wireless telephone that works by means of cellular radio system. Mobile communication is new in Nigeria. The service providers are Airtel, MTN, Globacom, Etisalat, etc.

v. Print Media: These include books, newspapers, magazines and posters. The provide information on entertainment. They are also used to pass public announcement as well as advertisement.

vi. The postal system: Communication also involved the writing and sending of letters, sending of parcels and goods through the post office. Post office is where we post letters to other people within or outside the Country.

vii. Courier Service: This is another means by which people and corporate bodies now send letters and parcels to places around the world. Courier service companies are owned by the government or private organisations. Courier services are very fast in delivering parcels and even big and bulky goods.

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viii. The Internet: The internet has made information available on a massive scale on almost any subject matter on earth. Through various social Media platform such as Facebook and Twitter, people can be informed about current happenings in the environment and around the world.

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Benefits of Communication

The benefit of communication to humankind including following:

Social Benefits

i. Communication enhances social interaction. People can now relax together with the help of modern means of communication without actually meeting physically.

ii. It promotes Peace by allowing people to speak out there with the answers so as to manage conflicts. Good communication skills can also help us to mediate successfully in other people's conflicts.

iii. It also allows mutual understanding which enhances social stability. Communication has enhanced understanding among the people in the country. Disagreement which ordinarily would have resulted in serious conflict can be resolved through mutual communication.

iv. It allows you to broadened your network of friends as well as your general knowledge.

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Economic benefits

i. It improves economic activities, like advertising, buying and selling, etc. Trade is now made easier.

ii. It encourages bilateral relations between two countries.

iii. It has brought a lot of job appotunities to people all over the world.

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Political Benefits

i. It bridges the gab between rulers and followers, taking the government closer to the people.

ii. It enables rulers to feel the pulse of the masses on public policies, and vice versa, which enhances cooperation and harmony between leaders and those that govern.

iii. It brings information in both visual and oral of conflicts, wars and diplomatic activities of various governments all over the world to people.

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Educational Benefits

i. It makes it possible to learn almost everything faster and better than in the olden days.

ii. It helps nations to gain from one another and diffused culture and traditions.

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Security Benefits

i. With modern communications, people are saved from a lot of dangers. Telephone and GSM can easily be used to pass information that will help avert dangers and losses.

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Homework task

1. Define Communication
2. State and explain forms of communication
3. What are traditional and modern Communication devices?
4. Mention for examples of traditional and modern devices used in communication.
5. Discuss benefits of the modern form of communication.

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Written by @udyliciouz

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