What is the soil? Part 01🤔 by @thanushi99

Soil is formed by decomposition of organic materials for a long time and by mixing up remains of weathering rocks.
Soil is an essential resource for man. Survival of plants and animals depend on soil. It provides nutrition and water for the growth of plants. The soil layer found as a thin layer on the surface of the earth. The thickness of the soil layer differs from one place to another.

Factors that contribute to the formation of soil

•Parent Rock
•Topographical features
•Climate
•Time
•Parts of plants and animals
•Human activities

Parent rock :- Minerals are added to the soil by weathering of parent rock or deposition of sediments. The soil content, (Composition) categories and the color of the soil differ according to the nature of the parent rock.

Topographical features :- According to topographical features, erosion or the soil on earth's surface, deposition and infiltration of water into soil affect the formation of soil. Nature of soil and the drainage pattern are affected by the slope of an area.

Climate :- Rainfall and temperature are climatic factors that affect the formation of soil. Interior temperature of the soil, the time period in which the moisture of soil present within a year, quantity of water that is retained in the soil are factors which affect the nature and formation of soil.

Plant and animals parts :- Soil organisms and the cover of trees are sources that add organic particles into the soil. The cover of trees the most important one. In areas where organic system are abundant, a fertile humus soil layer would be formed within a short period of time.

Time :- Time is an important factor in deciding the nature and the maturity of the soil. Fertility of soil increase when organic particles are deposited during a long period of time. Such soil which has a large quantity of mineral salts is suitable for the growth of plants.

Human activities :- human activities are also a cause for variation of the nature of soil and growth of soil. Human activities can completely change the quality of soil and soil could also become infertile. Soil has been used for agriculture purpose even from the time that man established permanent settlements. Used of soil for human activities has increased along with the increasing needs of man. Instead of variety of crops, cultivation of the same crop for a long time has caused decline in bio diversity and it eventually results infertile soil. Since soil is essential for agriculture, more attention is paid for the conservation of soil.

Soil Profile

A soil profile is the set of layers of soil that is formed over a long period of time.

Source

Horizon A :- It consists of decayed particles and partially decayed parts of animals and plants. The parent rock and completely weathered and a large quantity of organic particles are present. It is darker than the other horizons below. This soil is called humus.

Horizon B :- Mineral salts and clay particles leach to the Horizon A and some types of clay are deposited in this layer of soil. Horizon B is relatively lighter in shade than Horizon A. Quantity of organic matter is low in this horizon.

Horizon C :- This horizon consists of parent rock particles and remains or particles which are brought from other substances.

The geography knowledge I have acquired is included here. Look forward to the part 02 in the future.
THANK YOU!!!❤