What is - brown algae?

Brown algae are the biggest and most complex seaweeds. These multicellular organisms live in the ocean. They attach to rocks and cliffs at depths of 10-150 m. Many types have air bladders. These help the algae float on the surface. This way, they get the most sunlight.

The largest brown algae can grow to 150-300 m long. Brown algae form thick groups in the sea. They even create underwater forests. These forests are homes for many sea creatures. Brown algae live in many places, from warm to cold areas.

Brown algae use photosynthesis like green algae. They have chlorophyll, the green pigment. But brown algae also have fucoxanthin. Green and red algae do not have this pigment. Fucoxanthin gives brown algae their color. They can be olive, brown, or yellowish-brown.

People have eaten brown algae for a long time. It is a healthy food used in diets. It is low in calories but has many minerals and vitamins. It also contains proteins and fiber. Besides food, algae are used in other industries. These include cosmetics, medicine, and biotechnology. Fucus and Laminariaceae are popular types of algae.