This novel is perceived by Hugo's scholars as an exotic, dramatic epic, praising the spiritual power of the people, in which the democratic prophecies of the Utopians Jean Jacques Rousseau, Saint Simon and Charles Fourier are laid. The novelist gives life to the hopes expressed by these socially prophetic proponents that earthly life, fast and impenetrable for earthly reason, can be renewed by faith. His character refers to the Christian myth of the lost paradise, his confidence that the souls are immortal and the righteous will be rewarded in their over-existent existence.

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Dea and Ursus, colorful personifications of human spiritual generosity and charity, Christian dedication and solidarity, marked with physical dexterity, Dea and forced expulsion from society (Guinflein and Ursus), should be perceived as victims of social unrighteousness that destroy the soul's harmony and the spiritual uniqueness of man. Especially tough are Mr Madlen's efforts to save him from misery and help the unfortunate loneliness Ft. Next to the deathbed of the devastating mother who has been exhausted by her constant misery, he promises to care for her as a father for her orphanage daughter, Cosette. Meanwhile, the jealous guardian of the line, Javier, the tireless pursuer of ex-cavalier Jean Valjean, doubts that his well-known "villain" is hiding under the name of Madeleine. Suspended by suspicion, he showed his inherent zeal of "advocacy": arresting a poor tramp, blaming him for being the dangerous villain Jean Valjean, threatening him with a sack. After painful reflections, the real Jean Valjean listens to his cleansed conscience and surrenders to justice to save the innocent.

This time, the unjustly convicted Jean Valjean manages to escape the catastrophe, finds Coseta in the hut of the villains in the miserable villains, the terrible Terardie family, kidnaps her and devotes herself entirely to the upbringing of the orphaned girl. They are forced to hide from the diligent police inspector Javier in the small Piccadilly Paris convent. The two become acquainted with the modest student Marius, the son of a colonel who disappeared in the Battle of Waterloo. The adventurous young man falls in love with Cosette. During the Parisian riots in 1832, when all the free-roaming youngsters fought at the barricades (among them the fearless kid Gavros), Jean Valjean was saving his evil pursuer Javer in the middle of the street battle. He rescues seriously the injured Marius by sacrificing it on his shoulders and hiding him by plunging through the tangle of underground drainage galleries under Paris.After Jean Valjean is saving his implacable enemy Javer, the inspector realizes the futility of his persecution. Faced with insurmountable anguish of conscience, the employee of the law falls into endless despair and ends his life. After learning who is in fact the protector of his beloved Cosette, the outgoing Marius manages to alienate the orphaned girl from her adoptive father. But after a time, shaken by the deeply tragic fate of the ex-convict, convinced of his moral transformation, he encourages Cosette to resume his meetings with her dedicated patron. You have regained the love and gratitude of Cosette and Marius, who have finally attained harmony with oneself, the rewarded with peace of mind at the end of his life, a wicked dying as a saint.

part 1