SILVERY HILSHA AND THE GOLDEN FUTURE OF BANGLADESH.

Dr. Md. Shamsul alam is a professor of department of FISHERIES BIOLOGY AND GENETICS at BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY.Recently he unriddle the genetic sequences of HILSHA FISH, which is called the national fish of Bangladesh.

My dear friends today i described in front of you briefly about the research work of professor Dr. Shamsul alam.

A) After unriddleing the genetic sequences of jute,the scientists of Bangladesh are more interested in this type of research work.We don't know why the professor select this topic as his research work. Let's know why professor Dr. Shamsul alam is interested to research on HILSHA FISH:-
Image-Mature HILSHA fish.
Image source

Professor says that HILSHA is the national fish of Bangladesh.Its economic and social both importance is very much effective for us.So, perfect management and sustained retrieval of this fish is very important for us also.But it is a matter of regret that we don't know so much about the life cycle of this fish! Because HILSHA is a migratory fish.Whole year they lives in the sea.Only they migrate to river at the time of their begetting.After dropping eggs they again go back to the sea.The eggs are emerged into larva stage at the begetting area.After a few month they come into little bigger form know as JATKA.After this stage the JATKA are migrate into the sea.
Image-Immature HILSHA/ZATKA fish.
Image source

So in this short time it is very difficult to know everything about this fish.The scientific name of this fish is Ilisha hilsha.

B) The total process of the research work:-
On receiving the geographical indication (GI), the research work started in December 2015, to find the “Reference Genome Preparation,” establish a “Genome Database” and to determine the number of genes. After three years of research, we were able to uncover the full life mystery of Ilish, for the first time.
Genome is the whole life provision of a living organism. Birth of an animal, growth, reproduction and biological activities, including adaptation to the environment, are carried out through the genome.
“Ilish’s genomes contain 7.8 million of nucleotides, which is 1/4 of human’s genome
Image-Genomic sequence of HILSHA fish.
Image source

Collecting the fish sample from 3 different places from Meghna river,
the research sample was produced.Then the sample was examined in the laboratory of fisheries biology and genetics of Fisheries faculty.Further it was again higher studied at the laboratory of genetics and animal breeding department of Animal husbandry faculty.After that he was got the highly featured image of genetic sequences of HILSHA FISH under the microscope.
Ilish’s full-fledged D-Novo-Genome assembly was ready on July 31, 2017, after it started in December 2015.
On August 25, 2017, the information of the complete Histology of Genomic Sequence of Ilish was submitted to the International Genome Database National Centre for Biotechnology.
The results of the research on the genome of the species were presented in two international conferences as well.

C) Purpose of this research work:-
Through Ilish genome reference, answers to many unknown questions can be easily found. It is also possible to ensure the sustainability of Ilish from this.
“Besides, it is easy to determine where and how many sanctuaries should be established in the country for Ilish. It can also be identified whether our Ilish is distinct from that of other countries’.”
Also the invention of genetic sequences is the making of genom sequence from different species and creating related genomic information for expected characteristics of genetic mechanism.
Genetic sequences is very important for the hybridization,easy method of fish cultivation,fish breeding and many other things which will help the nation to get rich in availability between the country.

D) Nutrition value of HILSHA FISH:-
Hilsha fish have much more nutritious value than any other 30 popular fish in the south asia.It is highly rich in protein,vitamin,minerals and many other nutritious element.The nutritious value of HILSHA FISH is given below-

Fat-18-22gm/100gm
Protein-14.7gm/100gm
Vitamin C-22mg/100gm
Iron-2.4mg/100gm
Omega-3 fatty acid-10.83%
Energy-1020 kilo jul
Also vitamin A and vitamin D rich.

E) Economic and social value of HILSHA FISH:-
It is very precious fish.In 2017 year the production of this fish was 5 lakh metric tons.According to world fish,Livestock and fisheries ministry and Fisheries research institute of Bangladesh-

Economic value- 60 thousands crore taka.
Cultural value + Social value- 2 thousands 788 crore 80 lakhs taka.
Percentage of Hilsha among total fish of the country- 10%
Contribution at GDP- 1%
Production percentage- total production of Hilsha fish all over the world,50-60% comes from Bangladesh.
Total Employment- about 5-6 lakhs people of Bangladesh are related to this job.
Total number of river where Hilsha are available in Bangladesh- about 25 rivers.

F) Global importance of this research work:-
As It is a unique research work,so if we want to get from this research,we must have to do more work about this.We have to spreading the result work among the root level people's of the country those who are related to this profession. However HILSHA is the national fish of Bangladesh but it is an international fish also.HILSHA are found in India,Pakistan,Myanmar and some country of Middle east also. We submit our assembled genom of HILSHA at international genom database. So any researcher of the world can use it for further research purposes.Like HILSHA many other fish like SAMON whose biology are more similar with the HILSHA fish.
So it is easily understand that this research work has a lot of global importance.This research work success also a proud for the Bangladeshi people.This research work results helps the people all over the world to-
a)As a model of biological information.
b)Helps in raise production of fish cultivation.
c)Also helps in fisheries management.

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