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Homemade hydroponics is a cultivation system for human consumption inside the home, it is done in a simple, clean and at a low cost. It is characterized by supplying plants with the nutrients necessary for their development and by producing healthier and better tasting foods.
This method of agriculture is used to grow any type of vegetable or fruit, as well as vegetables and flowers in a small space that can be from one square meter. Hydroponics allows you to redesign simple or complex structures, taking full advantage of any area regardless of the dimensions or physical state of these.

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Thanks to hydroponics it is possible to reduce production costs considerably, because besides allowing the use of recycled materials such as plastic or cardboard, it helps to obtain food for self consumption, improving the family economy and above all the quality of life of people.

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What is hydroponic culture

From the natural sciences that are taught in primary school, we have always been told that for a plant to live and develop properly, it will need sun, water, soil and certain nutrients. The truth is that the earth is not essential, strange as it may seem. This is precisely what hydroponics or hydroponics are based on, in an agricultural method where land is no longer the main livelihood of plants.
So that we can understand these concepts in a practical way, hydroponic crops dissolve in water the chemical elements that are necessary for the correct development of the plant, in this way, the soil is no longer necessary as it acts as a nutrient reserve . But if we are able to provide these nutrients through a hydroponic solution, oddly enough, the land will no longer be necessary for cultivation.

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Origin of hydroponics

The hydroponic system has been studied throughout our history, in fact, the study of this technique is dated from 382 a.C. However, the first writing dates back to the year 1600 when a researcher documented his own experiences to affirm that the plants obtained the nutrients from the water.
The Aztecs were the first human civilization to cultivate through the hydroponic technique, however, they did it by using chinampa, a technique that used rafts of land to cover surfaces with water, therefore, does not exactly match the characteristics that today define the hydroponic culture.
The hydroponic solutions currently used were developed by researchers in the 1930s but have since undergone slight modifications since then.

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Nutrients for hydroponics

Now that we are beginning to know what hydroponic crops are, it is time to clarify what mixture of nutrients are used to replace the effect of soil on the development of plants.
The nutritive solution used in hydroponics requires the presence of 13 priority minerals for the development of different plant species:
• Nitrogen
• Potassium
• Match
• Calcium
• Magnesium
• Sulfur
• Iron
• Manganese
• Zinc
• Boro
• Copper
• Silicon
• Molybdenum

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What plants can grow in hydroponic crops?

There are no so-called hydroponic plants in the sense that hydroponics is not a culture medium reserved only for certain plant species.
Virtually any terrestrial plant can grow in a hydroponic culture, either in a solution of minerals in water or in a solution of minerals in inorganic media such as washed sand or gravel.
However, there are certain species (both edible and ornamental) that are especially suitable for hydroponic cultivation, let's see below what they are:
• Tomato
• Lettuce
• Cucumber
• Cilantro
• Chard
• Garlic
• Onion
• Pepper
• Chile
• Potato
• Pumpkin
• Cantaloupe
• Watermelon
• Garlic
• Tarragon
• Orchids
• Dalías
• Sunflowers
• Roses
• Aromatic plants

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How to make a homemade hydroponics

Hydroponics carried out on a large scale raises questions about its sustainability, hygiene and cost, however, when we reduce the crop to a domestic environment, practically all are advantages.

The hydroponic system is composed mainly of the following elements:

1. A source of water that is subsequently driven by a pumping system
2. Containers with the mother solution, that is, the mixture of nutrients mentioned above
3. Heads for watering
4. Channel infrastructures where plants and substrates are distributed.

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Advantages of homemade hydroponics

The advantages of homemade hydroponics are many, starting with the fact of gaining self-sufficiency and being able to eat the foods that we have grown, which in this case, have been developed in a clean and ecological way without using synthetic pesticides, which is also known as organic hydroponics, referring to the type of food and care received by the plant, since a 100% organic crop is a crop on land, however, this term continues to arouse controversy.
Through a domestic system of hydroponics we can also make the interesting green hydroponic forage, which is obtained through the germination process of grains of cereals and legumes.

The grain that has finally germinated will reach a length of 25 centimeters and the forage resulting from this process is ideal for nourishing animals, therefore, a system that allows obtaining hydroponic green forage will be practically essential in those country houses where the family is dedicated to livestock, hydroponics representing many advantages for the nutrition of these animals.

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In experienced farmers with enough space it is also possible to use hydroponic greenhouses, which will be a source of ecological and quality food throughout the year.
It is truly incalculable the positive impact that a quality diet can have on our organism based mainly on vegetables that have been cultivated in a clean way by means of hydroponics.

Hydroponics represents the future of agriculture, however, we must not neglect the important role of land in the development of food, therefore, it is advisable to go to hydroponics only when the soil does not allow adequate nutrition of the plant or when pests can not be dealt with naturally and ecologically.

Source:http://hidroponia.mx/beneficios-de-la-hidroponia-casera/
https://hogar.uncomo.com/articulo/como-hacer-una-hidroponia-casera-44044.html

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