从头写一个操作系统 10 (cross-compiler i386-elf-gcc)

in #esteem6 years ago

lesson 11[1]

你需要google:cross-compiler

目标:配置可编译32位内核的开发环境

如果你用Mac,你应该立即着手做,如果使用别的系统可以再等几节课。不过,当用c语言开发时,你一定得有交叉编译环境。为什么?

我会稍微修改以下这个 指南.

Required packages

第一步,你需要安装需求的库。在linux上,用你的包管理软件。在Mac上, install brew,然后使用brew install下载下面的包。

  • gmp
  • mpfr
  • libmpc
  • gcc
    在ubuntu 18 上安装 gmp mpfr libmpc :
cd /usr/local/src
sudo curl -O ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2

tar xf gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2
cd gmp-4.3.2 
./configure
make
make install

sudo curl -O ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz
...同上
sudo curl -O ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2
...同上

当然,我们需要gcc来建立交叉编译环境的目标环境gcc,特别是在替代gccclang的Mac上。

一旦安装好上面的包,找到你的gcc的路径,然后export 这个路径.例如:

export CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc-4.9
export LD=/usr/local/bin/gcc-4.9

我们需要编译binutils 与 cross-compiled gcc,而后我们将他们放在/usr/local/i386elfgcc,现在让我们export几个路径,当然你可以按照需求改变它们。

export PREFIX="/usr/local/i386elfgcc"
export TARGET=i386-elf
export PATH="$PREFIX/bin:$PATH"

binutils

记住,从网上粘贴命令时要小心,建议你一行一样的复制。

mkdir /tmp/src
cd /tmp/src
curl -O http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.24.tar.gz # If the link 404's, look for a more recent version
tar xf binutils-2.24.tar.gz
mkdir binutils-build
cd binutils-build
../binutils-2.24/configure --target=$TARGET --enable-interwork --enable-multilib --disable-nls --disable-werror --prefix=$PREFIX 2>&1 | tee configure.log
make all install 2>&1 | tee make.log

gcc

cd /tmp/src
curl -O https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.9.1/gcc-4.9.1.tar.bz2
tar xf gcc-4.9.1.tar.bz2
mkdir gcc-build
cd gcc-build
../gcc-4.9.1/configure --target=$TARGET --prefix="$PREFIX" --disable-nls --disable-libssp --enable-languages=c --without-headers
make all-gcc 
make all-target-libgcc 
make install-gcc 
make install-target-libgcc 

如果出现error:configure: error: no termcap library found
ubuntu 18:

apt-get install  libncurses5-dev 解决

fedora 28:

sudo curl -O https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-6.6.tar.xz
./configure & make & make install

好了,你现在有了全套的GNU binutils 并且 交叉编译器在/usr/local/i386elfgcc/bin, 加上 i386-elf-前缀是为了避免与你系统现有的环境冲突。

你应该将这些命令添加到 $PATH中,在.bashrc 中export。以后当我们用到这些命令时都会添加这些前缀。

版权注明:本文所有涉及到:https://github.com/cfenollosa/os-tutorial/ 这个git仓库的内容,全部对应以下开源协议声明:
BSD 3-Clause License Copyright (c) 2018, Carlos Fenollosa


  1. https://github.com/cfenollosa/os-tutorial/tree/master/11-kernel-crosscompiler Copyright:BSD 3-Clause License Copyright (c) 2018, Carlos Fenollosa

Sort:  

Congratulations @geyu! You have completed the following achievement on the Steem blockchain and have been rewarded with new badge(s) :

You published a post every day of the week

You can view your badges on your Steem Board and compare to others on the Steem Ranking
If you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word STOP

To support your work, I also upvoted your post!

Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness to get one more award and increased upvotes!

Coin Marketplace

STEEM 0.21
TRX 0.20
JST 0.034
BTC 98997.25
ETH 3299.74
USDT 1.00
SBD 3.03