What is Ardor?

Previously, we have covered projects like TRX, FunFair, and prototype Dapps like cryptokitties: all built on the Ethereum blockchain. Today, let's look at a project that is a solid competitor for Ethereum. Ardor (ARDR) is a blockchain platform developed by Jelurida, the creators of Nxt, that makes it easy for businesses to implement a blockchain into their services. Nxt was a platform launched in 2013, and it pioneered the use of proof-of-stake as a consensus mechanism for blockchains. Building on the experience in building and using Nxt, Ardor was designed as a solution to two critical problems that blockchains like Bitcoin, Ethereum and Nxt face. They are as follows:

1. Blockchain bloat

Blockchain bloat is a common problem across all blockchain platforms, including Nxt (Whitepaper, page 4). Here's how Lior Yaffe, core developer of Nxt and Ardor explains blockchain bloat and their solution:

"Ardor has some unique properties that no other blockchain has. The main solution we were able to solve was what is called the blockchain bloat. My wikipedia donation from 2014 of 3 dollars is still stored on the Bitcoin blockchain. Every new node that joins the blockchain has to redownload and revaluate it and it will continue to exist forever.

With ardor we have a unique proposition, [...] we seperated the blockchain into a parent and child architecture. Only transactions from the parent blockhain are participating in the consensus, but this is only a very small proportion of the transactions. All the transactions related to what are called the smart contracts: the applications, the asset exchange, the voting, the marketplace [...] are stored in the child chains. Child chains can be pruned and removed from the blockchain, we only keep a cryptographic proof that they ever existed. So a new node joining the blockchain only needs to download the last 24 hours of transactions from all child chains. This means that the size of the blockchain is now manageable, it doesn't grow linearly forever like with other blockchains. "

In a previous article, we pointed out that during the unexpected event of the cryptokitties dapp becoming highly popular, it managed to account for 13,9% of all Ethereum transactions, ended up congesting the system and making Ethereum transactions slower. This in turn made the developers of the Dapp increase their fees, and much worse, cause some serious concern in the holders of Ethereum. If the first truly succesful Dapp on the Ethereum platform causes such overload on the system, it is clear, that the current Ethereum platform is not sufficiently scalable.

The same is true of Bitcoin: the biggest Achilles heel of Bitcoin so far has been its low ability to scale. When interest and investments grew, the transaction speed slowed down dramatically and the transfer-fees skyrocketed, making Bitcoin practically unusable as a currency. The grand hopes put on the lightning network by the Bitcoin community shows the urgency of the problem. Is it a sustainable solution compared to Ardor's parent and child blockchains? Only time will tell.

2. Customization issues

Not all blockchains are alike, and some are suited better than others for certain purposes. There really is no purpose of keeping the ledger of cryptokitties transactions and the smart contract transactions of a business on the same parent blockchain. In Ardor, there is

"a single parent chain responsible for network security and processing, and
multiple child chains responsible for the operational transactions such as creating assets, voting on polls, sending messages, etc." (Ardor Whitepaper, p. 6)

These child chains can serve different purposes as simple as providing a ledger for cryptokitties transactions, and as complex as transacting digital assets like the first child chain Ignis. Using parent and child chains system solves the bloating issue and the customization issue. It also enables each seperate child chain to operate transactions separate from their parent blockchain, enabling greater variation, like creating chains with a greater degree of transparency for use in polls and elections, such as the Voting Blockchain Distributed Platform for Ardor.

Further benefits

• Another strong argument in favor of Ardor is that it is built on the industry standard programming language Java, as opposed to the obscure and hard to use Solidity required for Ethereum developing. Java is a preferred language by many seasoned programmers, and for this reason innovative dapp production may favour Ardor over Ethereum in the future.

• Secondly, Ardor is designed for the corporate environment, because it uses proof-of stake, as opposed to proof-of-work. As Yaffe explains:

"[...] With proof of stake you actually distribute the validation power of nodes based on your stake in the network. And this is ideal for the corporate environment because this allows you to run on very small hardware like even rasberry-Pi computers. It does not require competition, you can actually decide in advance what power each participant in the blockchain will receive, and thereby control the power of validation that each participant has."

So, whereas the consensus mechanism is reliant on the mining mechanism of solving progressively harder problems and requiring progressively stronger CPU power, staking power can be distributed easily according to the necessities of the company, for example according to the percentage owned by the shareholders, and accessed through a simple smartphone.

Thanks for reading!