“Cousin Jacks”, What's in the CRISPR?

CRISPR is an acronym for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat. This name refers to the unique organization of short, partially palindromic repeated DNA sequences found in the genomes of bacteria and other microorganisms.

Gene-editing damages DNA more than previously thought: study

Swansea is a city and county on the south coast of Wales. For the Lion's share of Europe's copper, tin and iron ore's what was England's outbound coal output for the 19th and 20th centuries versus input of precious metals from say, the Chilean coast? Sort of a Crispr coal comparison costs question.

Crispr Can Speed Up Nature—and Change How We Grow Food
It took thousands of years for humans to breed a pea-sized fruit into a beautiful beefsteak tomato. Now, with gene editing, scientists can change everything.

What is Crispr and what does it do?

A recent one is known as CRISPR-Cas9, which is short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9. ... The bacteria capture snippets of DNA from invading viruses and use them to create DNA segments known as CRISPR arrays.

Potential DNA Damage from CRISPR “Seriously Underestimated,” Study Finds
A flurry of recent findings highlight a contentious question in this area
By Sharon Begley

The Cornish Miners
—or, in America, the “Cousin Jacks”

Originally from Cornwall, Cornish miners like Matthew Penhallow and James Reskelly’s father played a critical role in opening the American West by providing the knowledge and experience necessary to extract the rich veins of gold, copper, and silver that lay hidden deep within the earth. When these men and their families came to America, they brought with them strong religious convictions, a great love for music, and a vivid imagination.

The Cornish diaspora consists of Cornish people and their descendants who emigrated from Cornwall, Britain. The diaspora is found within the United Kingdom, and in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, Argentina, New Zealand, Mexico, South Africa, the Samoas and Brazil.

Henry C Carey
and the Republican Tariff

What are the four types of mining?

There are four main mining methods: underground, open surface (pit), placer, and in-situ mining. Underground mines are more expensive and are often used to reach deeper deposits.

What is Coke from a refinery used for?

Calcined petroleum coke (CPC) is the product from calcining petroleum coke. This coke is the product of the coker unit in a crude oil refinery. The calcined petroleum coke is used to make anodes for the aluminium, steel and titanium smelting industry.

The atrazine agriculture BPA EPA oversight gap

When did we start mining?

Although some deep mining took place as early as the 1500s (in North East England, and along the Firth of Forth coast) deep shaft mining in the UK began to develop extensively in the late 18th century, with rapid expansion throughout the 19th century and early 20th century when the industry peaked.

Some folks mine for data and make a List.

Friedrich List
Economist

Georg Friedrich List was a German economist with dual American citizenship who developed the "National System", also known as the National System of Innovation.

Friedrich List, The National System of Political Economy [1841]

What is bad about mining?
The environmental impact of mining includes erosion, formation of sinkholes, loss of biodiversity, and contamination of soil, groundwater, and surface water by chemicals from mining processes.

Can Economists and Humanists Ever Be Friends?
One discipline reduces behavior to elegantly simple rules; the other wallows in our full, complex particularity. What can they learn from each other?
By John Lanchester

What is the difference between coal and coke?
Coal is a natural occurring substance whereas Coke prepared material with few impurities and high Carbon content, usually made from Coal. 2. Coal has a Volatile matter content whereas Coke has relatively very low Volatile matter content which suits it for a better fuel.

What is the Tariff Act of 1789?
Tariff of 1789. One of the major early actions of Congress was the passage of the Tariff Act of 1789, which was designed to: raise revenues for the new government by placing a tariff on the importation of foreign goods (averaging more than 8 percent)

Business
Humanity is more important than money — it’s time for capitalism to get an upgrade
Jul 13, 2018 / Andrew Yang

What is coke for steel?
Coke is a fuel with a high carbon content and few impurities, usually made from coal. It is the solid carbonaceous material derived from destructive distillation of low-ash, low-sulphur bituminous coal.

Hamilton, Jefferson, and the First National
Bank of the United States

Why is Coke used instead of coal?
Coke is a fuel with very low impurities and high carbon content. Usually coke is obtained by destructive distillation of bituminous-coal. So, if coal is used in smelting instead of coke the higher impurities content of coal will real with the molten iron formed and would result in undesirable products.

Perhaps a coal instead of coke for smelting steel metaphor for CRISPR gene editing may be conceived. A protein programing splice of code, patched fray error may be conveyed better by Weezer with The Sweater Song:

The National Innovation System (also NIS, National System of Innovation) is the flow of technology and information among people, enterprises and institutions which is key to the innovative process on the national level. Georg Friedrich List was a German economist with dual American citizenship who developed the "National System", also known as the National System of Innovation.

Not all economists went along with the "classical" free market economics of Adam Smith and David Ricardo. George Friedrich List (1789-1846) argued that economic policy had to be adapted to the needs of specific nations. Free trade was not practical in Germany, he insisted, until the country had attained a greater degree of industrial growth.

From George Friedrich List: National System of Political Economy

What is the compromise that Hamilton worked out with Jefferson and Madison?

The Compromise of 1790 was a compromise between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson with James Madison wherein Hamilton won the decision for the national government to take over and pay the state debts, while Jefferson and Madison obtained the national capital (District of Columbia) for the South.

CRISPR/Cas9 & Targeted Genome Editing: New Era in Molecular Biology

What was the opposition of Hamilton's plan?

Hamilton's plan called Assumption was opposed because his friends stood to make fortunes off the new government by speculation. The plan was for the federal government to assume the $25 million debts of the states from the Revolution, and to pay them off at face value.

Hamiltonian operators of the Sugar Islands, chartered by US President Alexander Hamilton

So with a generalized 'protectionism' as north and 'free trade' as south on an x, y chart...

The Mourning cloak butterfly is the state insect of Montana. The Utah State Tree is the Quaking Aspen. Did you know the European honey bee is the state insect of Arkansas along with the Diana fritillary butterfly and...

Why is the quaking aspen The Utah's state tree?
The quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) was chosen by the Utah State Legislature in 2014 to be the state tree. The quaking aspen replaced the Colorado blue spruce, which had held the honor of state tree since 1933. ... The students chose the aspen because a colony of trees develop a singular root system.

What kind of gems are found in Arizona?

The state is also famous for copper, and a variety of copper minerals are mined as gemstones. These include azurite, chrysocolla, and malachite. Other Arizona gem materials include agate, amethyst, garnet, jade, jasper, obsidian, onyx, opal, and petrified wood.

U.S. Constitution - Article 1 Section 10
Article 1 - The Legislative Branch
Section 10 - Powers Prohibited of States

No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.

True West Blog
Cornish Miners in the West
March 4, 2016 by Marshall Trimble

What is the melting pot in US history?
The "melting pot" metaphor implies both a melting of cultures and intermarriage of ethnicities, yet cultural assimilation or acculturation can also occur without intermarriage. Thus African-Americans are fully culturally integrated into American culture and institutions.

A melting pot is a metaphor for a society where many different types of people blend together as one. America is often called a melting pot. Some countries are made of people who are almost all the same in terms of race, religion, and culture.

What are genome editing and CRISPR-Cas9?

Cousin Jacks, you stay out of that Crispr!

CRISPR Opens Pandora's Box

You may ruin your proper English dinner and compete with the Americans for taxing our weight on our earth with the carbon footprints and no sense fibbing about it.

German industry groups warn U.S. on tariffs before Trump-Juncker meeting

Alexander Hamilton with subsidies over tariffs, a CRISPR answer in the makings perhaps:

Where can you dig for diamonds?

The Mine & The Park. It's finder's keepers at the Crater of Diamonds State Park in Murfreesboro, Arkansas. The only public diamond mine in the world, Crater of Diamonds offers you a one-of-a-kind adventure - the opportunity to hunt for real diamonds and to keep any mineral you find.

How much was 20 pieces of silver worth in Bible times?

So 30 pieces are about 5 weeks money (based on a 6 day working week.) In terms of purchasing power, each silver piece was probably worth about $20. The standards of living being much, much lower than in modern (Western) societies. So the thirty pieces are worth about $600.

A Demand Note is a type of United States paper money that was issued between August 1861 and April 1862 during the American Civil War in denominations of 5, 10, and 20 US$. Demand Notes were the first issue of paper money by the United States that achieved wide circulation and they are still in circulation today, though they are now very rare. The U.S. government placed the Demand Notes into circulation by using them to pay expenses incurred during the Civil War including the salaries of its workers and military personnel.

With all due respect, I "demand satisfaction"

What states have the most gold?
Royalty rates for each of the US gold mining states (in order of production) are:

Nevada - 5% net.
Alaska - 7% net.
Utah - 2.6% gross.
Colorado - 2.25% gross.
California- $5 per ounce produced.
Washington - 0.48% gross.
South Dakota - 4% net.
Montana - 1.6% net.

What is the meaning of talent in the Bible?

An Egyptian talent was 80 librae. The talent as a unit of value is mentioned in the New Testament in Jesus' parable of the talents (Matthew 25:14-30). ... The talent is also used elsewhere in the Bible, as when describing the material invested in the Ark of the Covenant. Solomon received 666 gold talents a year.

What is a talent worth?

When used as a measure of money, it refers to a talent-weight of gold or of silver. ... At this price, a talent (33 kg) would be worth about $1,400,116.57. Similarly, in February 2016, the price of silver was about $15 per troy ounce or about 50 cents per gram, so a 33 kg silver talent would be worth about $16,500.

How much is a talent of gold worth today?

Some authorities say that the talent typically weighed about 33 kg (75 lb) varying from 20 to 40 kg. In June, 2018, the international price of gold was about US$41,155.69 per kilogram. One gram costs about $38. At this price, a talent (33 kg) would be worth about $1,400,116.57.

Where is the temple of Solomon located today?

The Israelite temple at Tel Motza, c. 750 BCE discovered in 2012 a few kilometres west of Jerusalem. Several Iron Age temples have been found in the region that have striking similarities to the Temple of King Solomon.

1 Kings 10 King James Version (KJV)

An ell is a unit of measurement, originally a cubit, i.e., approximating the length of a man's arm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger, or about 18 inches; in later usage, any of several longer units.

The cubit is an ancient unit of length that had several definitions according to each of the various different cultures that used the unit. Cubit an ancient measure of length, approximately equal to the length of a forearm. It was typically about 18 inches or 44 cm, though there was a long cubit of about 21 inches or 52 cm.

Cubits is a European all-inclusive platform to buy, sell and accept Bitcoin.

Legal Tender Act of 1862

The Legal Tender Cases primarily involved the constitutionality of the Legal Tender Act of 1862, 12 Stat. 345, enacted during the American Civil War. The Act authorized issuance of paper money, United States Notes, to finance the war without raising taxes. The paper money depreciated in terms of gold and became the subject of controversy, particularly because debts contracted earlier could be paid in this cheaper currency.

Obverse of the first $1 bill, issued in 1862 as a legal tender note featuring Treasury Secretary Chase, who later held as Chief Justice that such bills are unconstitutional, before being overturned

Where can you mine for gems in the US?

Top Spots For Gem Hunting In The US

Emerald Hollow Mine, Hiddenite, North Carolina.
Crater of Diamonds State Park, Murfreesboro, Arkansas.
Gem Mountain, Spruce Pine, North Carolina.
Cherokee Ruby Mine, Franklin, North Carolina.
Gem Mountain Sapphire Mine, Philipsburg, Montana.
Morefield Mine, Amelia, Virginia.
Rainbow Ridge Opal Mine, Virgin Valley, Nevada.

Opinions
The $247 trillion global debt bomb

Article I, Section 10 of the Constitution explicitly forbids the states from issuing "bills of credit" (promissory notes) or making anything but gold and silver coin legal "tender". There are no corresponding explicit prohibitions limiting the power of the federal government, nor are there any explicit authorizations. The Tenth Amendment refers to reserved powers that only the states can exercise, as well as powers not delegated that continue to reside in the people. "Concurrent powers" also exist, which may be exercised by either the states or the federal government, such as the power to repel invasions, and arguably including power to make legal tender (e.g. in federal territories or elsewhere). Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution specifically gives Congress power to "borrow money" and also power to "coin money and regulate the value" of both U.S. and foreign coins, and regulate interstate commerce, but does not explicitly and unambiguously grant Congress the power to print paper money or make it legal tender.

The federal government first issued paper money in 1861 to fund the Civil War. Before that, all U.S. paper money was bank-issued money. For example, paper notes were issued by the First Bank of the United States, which was a private corporation chartered by the federal government. Congress had also authorized paper money (e.g. Continentals) even before the Constitution was adopted. The Continental was issued by both the individual states and the Continental Congress under the Articles of Confederation. Those Articles specifically allowed the issuance of legal tender paper money, at the time called "bills of credit."

In Hepburn, Chief Justice Chase noted, "No one questions the general constitutionality, and not very many, perhaps, the general expediency of the legislation by which a note currency has been authorized in recent years. The doubt is as to the power to declare a particular class of these notes to be a legal tender in payment of pre-existing debts."

Missouri Nail Factory Manager On Steel Tariffs

How legal tender is issued in the U.S. today

Paper money is a form of currency that is physically printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, under authority of the Federal Reserve System. The Bureau of Engraving and Printing is part of the U.S. Treasury Department, whereas the Federal Reserve is not. In contrast to paper money, coins are physically produced by the U.S. Mint, within and under authority of the U.S. Treasury. The Federal Reserve System can authorize as much paper money as it sees fit, but the U.S. Treasury is restricted by law to a certain maximum amount of coinage in circulation.

The Federal Reserve System can increase the money supply by creating money to purchase U.S. Government securities on the open market. Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution explicitly contemplates U.S. Government "securities."

Giving Credit to the Texas Able program: Pricing Revolution

Citing: On May 30, 2015, Texas enabled its version of the Act (SB 1664, Perry). Serenity Sells proposes a 501 c (4) welfare charter to supplement SB 1664 as a Commodity Pool Operator, advocating statecraft as well handicap the market, and rack up gains for those with disabilities and special needs as a 'least among them' (Mathew 25:40) ethos as a Rainy Day or Emergency Savings following: FINANCE CODE TITLE 2. FINANCIAL REGULATORY AGENCIES CHAPTER 11. FINANCE COMMISSION OF TEXAS and TITLE 7 BANKING AND SECURITIES as:

Those "open market operations" (OMOs) involve the buying and selling of U.S. government securities, including federal agency securities and also (as happened, for instance, in response to the recent economic turmoil) mortgage-backed securities. Federal agency securities have been issued by the federal government to finance deficit spending.

Poor Relief Act, public education reform movement, asylum movement

The Federal Reserve System can also increase the money supply by allowing banks to issue more loans, which is accomplished by reducing the reserve requirement ratio. This regulation of banks is pursuant to the Commerce Clause. Conversely, the Federal Reserve System can reduce the money supply by selling securities or by increasing the reserve requirement ratio.

Citing:Legal Tender Cases

Are We Sitting on Diamonds? A New Study Says a Quadrillion Tons May Be Under Earth's Surface
There may be a quadrillion tons of diamonds under the Earth’s surface, according to study conducted by an international team of scientists and published Monday in the journal Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.
By Sarah Gray July 18, 2018

POLITICS 07/17/2018 03:57 pm ET
James Comey, Longtime Republican, Tells ‘All Who Care’ To Vote Democrat In November
&
Texas Democrat Beto O’Rourke Says Trump Should Be Impeached Over Russia Comments
Cynthia Nixon, a Democratic candidate for New York governor, has also called for Trump’s impeachment.
By Antonia Blumberg