"SEC | S20W6: "The Use of Drones in Agriculture"

Drones are aerial vehicles that have a lot of their role in revolutionising agriculture at global level. In Pakistan drones have a good role in revolutionising agriculture in the following way that I am explaining below;

• Through drones crops can be monitored for checking over all health and yield of crop regarding its growth.

• Soil mapping can be checked through drones by monitoring of nutrient deficiency in soil.

• If there are deficiencies of water in soil then irrigation system can be made better by monitoring from drones.

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• Through drones you can follow target applications of insecticides or pesticides for gaining a good yield of crop.

• Automated crops can be sown through drones by targeted seedlings.

Drones are really helpful in contributing for providing precision and efficiency in different agriculture processes and there are also key benefits of using drones in agriculture. There are some of the benefits that I am going to explain here;

• Drones are useful for providing accessibility to remote areas.
• Drones are used for reducing soil compaction.
• Drones are also significant for enhancement of livestock monitoring.
• These are also important for enhancement of weather forecasting.
• Last but not least drones are significant for data driven farming.

If I talk about drones architecture than these are equipped with some of the special sensors and some of the imaging technology is that helps to check out the condition of soil and accordingly it helps for management of providing moisture to soil and nutrients to soil according to the needs in the following way.

• Multi spectral imaging is useful for detecting that which is the stress level of water.

• There is also thermal imaging that is used for checking the level of temperature in soil.

• There are also soil moisture sensors that are used to provide real time data.

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• If I talk about nutrient level management than yes drones are helpful because there are hyperspectral imaging used for identification of nutrient level in soil.

• If I talk about soil sampling then it is used for guiding targeted application of fertilizers.

• There is normalised difference vegetation index analysis is done for assessing about health of a particular crop.

If I talk about multispectural and hyperspectral imaging sensors in agriculture drones then both are equal important and both have their pros and cons and significance so I would really like to talk about their significance.

Multispectral imaging

• Multi spectral imaging is used for capturing reflected radiation in different specific bands like RGB and NIR.

• These are also used for analysing vegetation indices.

• These are helpful and useful in detection of stress level and moisture level in soil.

Hyperspectral imaging

• This type of imaging is used for capturing reflected radiation in hundreds of narrow bands.
• it is also useful for providing detail spectral signatures for identification of crops.
• If there are any nutritional deficiencies like deficiency of phosphorus potassium etc then this type of imaging is used.

If I talk about soil mapping than yes drones are helpful in them and fall mapping is really important for precise farming because of the following reasons.

First of all if I talk about soil mapping than it is usefull for identification of type of soil pH level of soil and type of nutrients present in soil and then it is important for the taxation of moisture levels in soil and temperature in soil. After that soil mapping is also used for analysing organic matter of soil and carbon content of soil.

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Precise farming is important because it provides optimized application of fertilizers as well as it targets irrigation management system as well as if there is a need to improve selection of crops and placement then this is important as well as for conservation of soil resize farming is important. Last but not least it is also important for preventing degradation of soil.

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