BIREUEN IN HISTORY

The Bireuen regency in the historical record is known as the Jeumpa region. Jeumpa was once a small kingdom in Aceh. According to Ibrahim Abduh in the Overview of Radja Jeumpa, Jeumpa Kingdom is located in Blang Seupeung Village, Jeumpa District, Bireuen District.

On a small hill in Tgk Keujreuen hamlet in the village according to Ibrahim, the tomb of King Jeumpa was found. Geographically, the Jeumpa empire is located in the hills ranging from the Peudada river to the west to Pante Krueng Peusangan to the east.

In the past, the villages of Paloh Seulimeng, Abeuk Usong, Bintanghu, Blang Seupeung, Blang Gandai, Cot Iboeh, Cot Meugo, Blang Seunoeng, Blang Rheum, Cot Leusong, Glumpang Payong, Lipah Rayeuk, Batee Timoh and Lhaksana, were in the area at the seaside.

The rice field is now a seawater area and marshes overgrown with several plant species. Among the plants and forests there is a landfall higher than the sea, which is small islands.

At that time Blang Seupeueng Village is a densely populated settlement and also a large port city, located in Kuala Jeumpa. From Kuala Jeumpa to Blang Seupeueng there is a large groove, usually passed by ships and small boats. The trench from Kuala Jeumpa divides Cot Bada Village directly to Cot Cut Abeuk Usong.

According to Ibrahim in his writings, evidence shows that the area is surrounded by sea water is found in Cot Cut, between Abeuk Usong and Paloh Seulimeng, which is a pit that is said to be clogged. Once a year when tides, the water in the hole will be salty. Another evidence is that the wells in the villages are salty.

Istana Raja Jeumpa is located in the village of Blang Seupeueng which is fenced in the north, now called Cot Cibrek Pintoe Ubeuet.

In early 1989 two Chinese youth, men and women visited King Jeumpa's meal. To their village elders say it comes from Indo China, Cambodia. They deliberately come to the location of the Jeumpa Kingdom to find their ancient ancestor's stick. It is said that the gold stick of the Chinese King fell and disappeared when invaded the empire of Jeumpa, which was later discovered by King Jeumpa.

Jeumpa's government has been fought by Chinese, Thai and Cambodian troops. They have occupied the fortress of Blang Seupeung. Mentioned, the war occurred because the King of China kidnapped Queen Jeumpa's beautiful queen, Meureudom Ratna.

Queen Jeumpa's Queen managed to bring them to Pahang (Malaysia). But then Meureudoem Ratna was brought back to Blang Seupeueng. After Panglima Prang Raja Kera from Ulee Kareung, Samalanga, managed to defeat the Chinese King.

Not exactly the history of the end of Jeumpa's reign. Similarly, the cause of his death was Jeumpa. But from a hereditary story, the people there believed Je Jeques's tomb was on a 40-meter-tall little hill, overgrown by hundreds of years old trees.

The tomb of the king is only marked by large stones, located in Tgk Keujruen hamlet, Blang Seupeueng village. While the tomb of his wife, Maureudom Ratna, was in the village of Kuala Jeumpa.

King Jeumpa is the son of Abdullah and Ratna Kumala. Abdullah enters the Blang Seupeueng area with a commercial ship coming from India behind to trade. He entered Blang Seupeueng country through the sea late Kuala Jeumpa.

He was later accepted by indigenous people and provided shelter. The opportunity was used by Abdullah to begin his mission as Da'i Muslim. People in the country easily accepted Islam because of their behavior, character and character being polite and very friendly.

Abdullah was eventually crowned as the king and Ratna Keumala as queen in the Blang Seupeung state. King Abdullah then named the state he led by the name "Jeumpa". In accordance with the name of the original country called "Kampia", which means fragrant.

King Abdullah set up a government security strategy by conducting war training for the army and the sea. At that time the navy was a relatively dependable army, led by a Young Rear Admiral.

King Abdullah died by leaving a wife and two children, namely Siti Geulima and King Jeumpa. After King Jeumpa he built a defense fortress on the shores of the Beach, namely the Admiral (now Lhakmana-red Village). King Jeumpa then married a beautiful young King's daughter, Meureundom Ratna, from Indra (about the area of Gayo). According to the historical sequence, Meureudom Ratna still has a family relationship with the youngest daughter.
Sister Jeumpa's elder sister, Siti Geulima was inaugurated by a King in Darul Aman named King Bujang. So on the basis of the marriage between the Jeumpa Kingdom and Darul Aman (now South Peusangan) established closer ties. In accordance with its name "Darul Aman" which is a peaceful country.

Check out Bireuen from its Root
Writing about Bireuen is reinforcing the trail of change. Call it the Jeumpa Kingdom as a root which later gave birth to Bireuen District. There is a long historical record of historical fragmentaria.

Small Kingdom empires in the past include Jeumpa tidal. Especially after the presence of the Portuguese to Malacca in 1511 AD followed by the arrival of the Dutch. Dutch de facto took control of Aceh in 1904, when the Dutch could occupy the Kuta Glee fortress in Batee Iliek, in western Bireuen district.

Then with Vander Guevernement's General Van Nederland Indie Decision on 7 September 1934, Aceh was divided into six Afdeeling (districts) led by a Resident Assistant. One of them is Afdeeling Noord Kust van Aceh (North Aceh District) which is divided into three Onder Afdeeling (kewedanan).

The head is headed by a Counteroid (wedana): Onder Afdeeling Bireuen (now Bireuen District), Onder Afdeeling Lhokseumawe (Now Lhokseumawe City) and Onder Afdeeling Lhoksukon (It is now the Capital of North Aceh).

In addition to the Onder Afdeeling, there are also some Ulee Balang (Zelf Bestuur) districts that can rule itself against the area and its people, Ulee Balang Keureutoe, Geureugok, Jeumpa and Peusangan led by Ampon Chik.

During the Japanese occupation term Afdeeling replaced with Bun, Onder Afdeeling replaced with Gun, Zelf Bestuur called Sun. While the mukim is called Kun and gampong is called Kumi.

After Indonesia became independent in 1945, North Aceh was called Luhak, headed by the Head of Luhak until 1949. Later, after the Dutch recognized Indonesia's sovereignty through the Round Table Conference on December 27, 1949, the Republic of Indonesia (RIS) was formed with several states. One of them is the State of East Sumatra, Aceh and North Sumatra incorporated therein in North Sumatra Province.

Then through the Emergency Law No. 7 of 1956 on the establishment of an autonomous regional district in the Province of North Sumatra, then the North Aceh Region was formed.

The existence of Aceh under the Province of North Sumatra has caused dissatisfaction with the Acehnese. The Acehnese figures demand that Aceh stand as a province. This also triggered the uprising of Darul Islam / Indonesian Islamic Army (DI / TII) in 1953.

This rebellion has just vanished after the release of the Decree of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Indonesia No. 1 / Missi / 1957 on the establishment of the Special Region of Aceh and North Aceh as one of the second level, Bireuen entered Aceh Utara District.

It was only in 2000 that Bireuen became its own District after being released from North Aceh as the Main District, on October 12, 1999, by Law Number 48.

Look at the potential of Bireuen
Bireuen regency was formed on October 12, 1999, by Law Number 48. Located on the Banda Aceh - Medan lane and the junction to Central Aceh, Bireuen is a developed transit area.
The second-tier district of North Aceh is included in agrarian. 52.2 percent of its agricultural area. That condition also made 33.05 percent of its population working in the agrarian sector. The rest is spread across various business fields such as trade and industry services.
Of the five activities in the field of agricultural business, food crops contributed the largest revenue to Bireuen regency. The main product of this field is paddy and soybean with a total area of about 29,814 hectares.

Rice production centers are located in Samalanga, Peusangan, and Gandapura Subdistricts. For irrigated rice fields, this district utilizes seven rivers that all empty into the Malacca Strait. One of them, Pante Lhong irrigation, which utilizes Krueng Peusangan water. Rice and soybeans are the main commodities in this district.

Bireuen is also known as a banana-producing area. Most commonly in District Jeumpa. The banana is processed into chips. Therefore Bireuen is known as a banana chips producing area. Other typical commodities are mature giri, a kind of grapefruit. This fruit is found only in Matang Geulumpangdua.

Marine potential is also very promising. To sustain it in the Peudada subdistrict built Fish Landing Center (PPI). In addition there is also cultivation of tiger shrimp. As for industrial development, Bireuen District Government uses Gle Geulungku area as development area. For recreation areas, Bireuen offers the charm of Krueng Simpo and Batee Iliek. Two rivers that present beautiful panorama.

The area of North Aceh fraction is also known as the juang city. Various heroic stories are recorded in historical records. Batèë Iliëk fortification is the last area that was attacked Dutch left Aceh warrior epic story in the face of the Dutch.

Other heroic story, was martyred eight camps in Simpang Mamplam. A passer-road Medan-Banda Aceh, often stop this place for pilgrimage. In the cemetery, eight martyrs were buried. They were killed in 1902 against the Marsose troops, the Netherlands.

At that time the eight martyrs managed to kill Marsose troop that amounted to 24 people. However, when they collect the weapons from the Dutch troops were killed, they were attacked by other Dutch troops coming from Jeunieb.

The eight fighters were martyred. They are: Tgk Panglima Prang Rayeuk Djurong Bindje, Tgk. MudaLem Mamplam, Tgk Nyak Bale Ishak Blang Mane, Tgk Meureudu Tambue, Tgk Balee Tambue, What Sjech Lantjok Mamplam, Muhammad Sabi Blang Mane, and Nyak Ben Matang Salem Blang Teumeuleuk.
The tomb of the eight martyrs is located on the roadside of Medan - Banda Aceh, Tambue area, Simpang Mamplam Sub-district.
The tomb is known as the "kubu-syuhada-lapan".

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