Thyroid and its causes, symptoms and treatment.

steemjeet (43)in #biology • 7 years ago

There are a number of patients currently suffering from thyroid problems in the world. Although many of us hear the name of the disease or see the affected patients or have attacked themselves, we do not know much about this disease. Let's find out some information about this

What is thyroid?

Thyroid is a gland that is located in front of our throat. Some genetic hormones are released from this gland. This hormone plays an important role in many other activities including metabolism. To prepare this hormone, iodine is needed for this gland to be used. These hormones play an important role in the physical and mental growth of our metabolism.

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Thyroid glands usually emit two types of hormones.

Tri-iodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)

If the gland is not properly formed during the birth of a child, or if it is not necessary to make hormones, the physical and mental growth of the children is hindered.

If there are fewer or more hormones produced than our hormones in our body, then there are many problems. Hypothyroidism can be caused if the hormones are produced in less quantity than necessary. Hyperthyroidism can occur if the hormone produces more than it needs. Both are harmful to our health.

There may also be different types of diseases in the book. Let's talk about some of the most common diseases

Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Goiter
Nodule
Thyroid Cancer
Graves' disease

Hypothyroidism:

There is a possibility of hypothyroidism if the thyroid gland produces less hormones than necessary. Although many signs of this are not seen in the eyes, many people do not realize that they are infected with hypothyroidism.

However, symptoms that are commonly seen in hypothyroidism are:

Feeling tired or fatigue
Do not pay attention to anything.
Dry skin
Constipation
It's very cold winter
Pain in muscles and various joints will be felt.
There will be sadness
Menstrual bleeding may occur during menstrual period.
Pulse rates can be lower than normal.

Hyperthyroidism:

In this case, the opposite of hyperthyroidism occurs. If thyroid gland produces more hormones than is necessary, there is a possibility of hyperthyroidism.

The thyroid gland is controlled by a gland called the pituitary gland of the brain. The brain is controlled by the pituitary gland which regulates the brain called hypothalamus. This hypothalamus emits a thyroid release called hormone (TRH). The function of this TRH hormone is to signal the pituitary gland to release a thyroid called stimulating hormone (TSH). This TSH hormone sends signals to the gland that releases thyroid hormones. It is understood that this hormone production is not only responsible for thyroid gland. Hypothalamus, pituitary gland and thyroid gland combined with hormone emission work.

Now, if one or more glands of the three glands work more than they need, then more hormones are produced than what the hormones require. And then there is a problem with the dam. Which is known as hyperthyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism is usually the symptoms that can be seen:

Extra sweat
Can not tolerate heating
Problems with digestion
Anxiety, increased anxiety.
Feel the unrest.
Weight loss
Pulse Rated Rising
Do not sleep properly
Hair becomes thin and fragile
The skin becomes thin
Regarding women in menstrual periods or in very small amounts.
Heart disease may increase for older patients. If there is a very bad condition and there is no necessary treatment for hyperthyroidism, there may be thyroid storm. This can increase the patient's blood pressure, fever, and heartbeat can stop and become.

Guitar:

The thyroid gland can also grow. In this case, it is called a goiter or goiter. Since the gland needs iodine to create hormones. Therefore, the absence of iodine does not allow the gland to create hormones properly. Still trying it to create necessary hormones for the body. As a result, it increases itself to normalize the body's hormone levels. And at one time it can not be made to normal hormones. As a result, the amount of hormones decreases compared to the requirement. And as a result, the person is affected by hypothyroidism. That is why children or people who are suffering from iodine deficiency are more likely to have this disease. However, due to the adoption of iodine with salt, the outbreak of this disease is greatly reduced.

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Nodule:

It may also be tumor in the book. Which is called Nodule. In this case, the number of tumors can be one or more. And there may be different sizes. However, there is no cancer in all cases of tumor. But if the condition is worse and it can be cancerous if there is no treatment. Thyroid cancer is called.

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Disease detection

Usually the following tests are done in the detection of thyroid diseases

Blood test

Hormone levels can be tested through various blood tests. Typically the following tests are done through blood tests

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): This test examines the levels of blood TSH. If the level of TSH in blood is low, then patients with Hyperthyroidism have to understand. And if more hyperthyroidism is affected.

Thyroxine hormone (T4): The presence of T4 in high blood means hyperthyroidism and low T4 presence hypothyroidism.

Tri-iodothyronine hormone (T3): The presence of T3 in high blood means hyperthyroidism and lower T3 presence mean hypothyroidism.

TSH receptor antibody (TSI): The presence of TSI in the blood means that the patient is suffering from Graves' disease. The disease swollen around the eyes.

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Anti-thyroid anti-body: The presence of antithyroid antibodies in the blood means the patient is infected with Hashimoto's and Graves disease. Hashimoto's is a disease where the entire thyroid gland is gradually attacked.

Apart from this, there are some tests, such as nuclear thyroid scan, thyroid ultrasound, computerized axial tomography scan, and some diseases of the thyroid gland can be detected.

Surgery:

According to hyperthyroidism, gaetter and nodule or tumor, it may be due to the degree of the disease or some part of the Thyroid gland to be cut or operated by the operation.

However, if half of the gland is cut in 70 percent of cases, the patient can survive naturally with the rest of the rest. However, those who have to cut the whole gland, the rest of their lives have to take necessary hormones from the outside.

Besides, the doctors advise further to determine the level of infection using different nuclear medicine, radioactive iodine.

So if you see any signs, consult your doctor quickly without neglecting it. You can check the condition of thyroid gland by checking the blood at least once a year to stay healthy.