THE OCEAN KINGDOM OF ACEH PASAI

Based on news Marcopolo (th 1292) and Ibn Battuta (13th century). In the year 1267 has established the first Islamic kingdom in Indonesia, namely the kingdom of Samudra Pasai. This is also evidenced by the gravestone tomb of Sultan Malik al-Saleh (th 1297) the first Sand Sand Sand.

The sultanate of Pasai Ocean, also known as Samudra, Pasai, or Samudera Darussalam, the Islamic empire located on the northern coast of Sumatra, is approximately around the town of Lhokseumawe, North Aceh today. The kingdom of Pasai Ocean stands around the 13th century by Nazimuddin Al Kamil, an Egyptian sea laksamana. In the Year 1283 Pasai can dikaklukannnya, then lift Angry Pasai Silu became the first king with the title of Sultan Malik al-Saleh (1285-1297). Tri Nahrasyiah's tomb of Ibn Battuta, a well-known Muslim traveler from Morocco, recorded something very memorable for him during a visit to a kingdom on the east coast of Sumatra around the year 1345 AD. After sailing for 25 days from Barhnakar (now entering Myanmar territory), Battuta landed in a very fertile place. Trade in this area is highly developed, marked by the use of gold coins. He was even more amazed because when he got to town he found a very beautiful city surrounded by walls and wooden towers.

The coastal trading city is the capital of Pasai Kingdom. Ocean Pasai (or the pase if the local community appointment follows) is not only noted as a highly influential empire in the development of Islam in the archipelago. During the reign of Sultan Malikul Dhahir, Ocean Pasai developed into an international trading center. The port is crowded by traders from Asia, Africa, China and Europe.

Pasai Ocean won in Geudong Ocean, North Aceh, beginning with the unification of a number of small kingdoms in the Peurelak region, such as Jungle Jreum and Seumerlang. Sultan Malikussaleh is one of the royal descendants who conquered several small kingdoms and founded the Indian Empire in 1270 AD. Abdullah ibn Abdullah ibn Muhammad bin Abdul Kadir.

He is married to Algae Sari, the daughter of the Peureulak Islamic empire. From the marriage, born two sons named Malikul Dhahir and Malikul Mansyur. After they grew up, Malikussaleh escaped to his eldest son Malikul Dhahir. He founded a new empire named Pasai. When Malikussaleh died, Malikul Dhahir merged the two kingdoms into Samudera Pasai.
In the story of his journey to Pasai, Sultan Ibn Battutah Malikul Dhahir describes as a very pious king, generous, humble, and has attention to the poor. Despite having conquered many kingdoms, Malikul Dhahir has never been arrogant. His humility was shown when he welcomed King Ibn Battuta's party. The guests sat on a bed of cloth, while he sat in a vacant lot with nothing.

With his humble private mirror, the king of India who reigned in the period 1297-1326 AD Pasai is carved into the rock of his prophecy a poem in Arabic, which means, this is the tomb of a glorious Malikul Dhahir, shining upon the world religion.
Recorded, during the 13th century until the early 16th century, Samudera Pasai, known as one of the cities in the Malacca Strait to the airport is a very crowded port. Along with Pidie, Pasai became the center of international trade with pepper as one of the main export commodities.

It is estimated to export Pasai pepper about 8000-10000 stomachs each year, in addition to other commodities such as silk, camphor, and gold brought from inland. Not only advanced import-export trade. As an advanced trade dealer, Ocean Pasai issues currency as a means of payment. One of them is made of gold known as dirham.

Trade relations with the traders of Java island also intertwined. Rice production from Java is exchanged for pepper. Javanese traders have a special position in the port of Pasai Ocean. They are exempt from customs duties.
Trading

Besides being a trading center, Pasai also became the center of Islamic development in the archipelago. Most Islamic preachers come to Java and other areas of Pasai.

The close influence of the Pasai Kingdom with the development of Islam in Java can also be seen from the history and background of Wali Songo. Sunan Maulana Kalijaga married Isaac's son, Sultan Pasai. Sunan Gunung Jati is a persistent alias Fatahillah against Portuguese colonialism born and large in Pasai. Admiral Cheng Ho has also been recorded in Pasai.

His site was the famous Pasai Ocean Islamic empire in the 1980s, before the conflict in Aceh heated up and damped the pilgrims. According to Jacob, the grave of Sultan Malik's locksmith, the sultan's great name also invited the curiosity of the pilgrims from Malaysia, India, to Pakistan. "The country that used to trade with Pasai," Jacob said.

The long history of Pasai can still be traced through a number of royal sites and tombs of the founders
descendants in the tombs of the kings. The tomb is the only witness to other relics such as a castle that does not exist. The tomb of Sultan Malikussaleh and his grandson, Ratu Nahrisyah, are two sites belonging to the complex that are still preserved. Tomb of Zahir Malikal.

According to Snouck Hurgronje, a direct connection with Indonesia where the new Arabs in the 17th century the kingdom of Samudra Pasai, Banten, Demak Baru and Mataram.

Pasai Ocean before becoming an Islamic kingdom located in the port city of Majapahit, which at that time suffered a setback. After being governed by a Muslim prince, the traders of Tuban, Palembang, Malacca, India, China and others participated in the Pasai Ocean trade. According to Ibn Battuta: Pasai Ocean is the most important port and the King's Palace has been compiled and arranged in a beautiful pattern based on Indonesian and Islamic culture.

Indian public life Pasai colored by religion and Islamic culture. His government is a theocracy (based on Islamic teachings) most people embraced Islam. Raja Raja Pasai cultivated friendly relations with Campa, India, China, Majapahit and Malacca. In 1297 Malik Al passed away, and was succeeded by his son Sultan Muhammad (1297 to 1326) who
better known as Al-Tahir Malik, his successor Sultan Ahmad (1326 to 1348), also used the name Al-Tahir Malik, his successor Zainal Abidin.

King Zainal Abidin in 1511 was forced to flee and leave his shelter in Majapahit, because you are still king of Majapahit. This means that the kinship with Raja Raja Majapahit Samudra Pasai is very well maintained, according to Chinese news which mentions the middle of the 15th century, Samudra Pasai still sends envoy to China as a sign of Hisana bin friendship. Naina Naina's funeral.

Fatahilah, prominent cleric Pasai Trenggono married sister of Sultan (brother of Demak / Unus duke) Raden Patah). Fatahilah won Sunda Kelapa (June 22, 1522) changed its name to Jayakarta, Cirebon and Banten.