2021年普利策奖获奖记者对年轻记者的建议

2021年普利策奖解释性报道奖获奖记者，《大西洋月刊》科学记者Ed Yong在个人网站上分享的对年轻记者的建议，与大家分享——

1、Above all else, work to the highest possible standard, always: Protect your work and your work will protect you.

2、 Be professional: File your copy on time, to word count.

3、 Park downhill at the end of the day, leaving a sentence or paragraph or piece unfinished so you don’t wake to an empty screen.

4、 Cherish good editors: Don’t be precious about your words, and find the people who make your words better.

5、Actively deconstruct the work of good journalists in an attempt to decipher and reverse-engineer what makes their writing sing.

6、Pay attention to structure, and learn how to report well; remember that most writing problems are actually structuring problems, and most structuring problems are actually reporting problems. ~ Embrace nuance, and convey uncertainty. Ignore easy answers in search for deeper truths, but don’t fall prey to cheap contrarianism.

7、 Recognize that you will often know relatively little about what you’re writing about, so be humble, and learn interview techniques that will delineate, probe, and stretch the limits of your own knowledge.

8、Be accurate and nuanced, but know when to let a piece go and move on to the next thing.

9、Note that it is better to be right than to be first, but it’s nice to be both.

10、Remember that you’re not writing to impress your sources or other journalists; you’re writing to help your readers make sense of the world. Take that responsibility seriously; view journalism as a profession and a craft whose standards you must uphold.

11、 Prize thoughtfulness over salaciousness, depth over volume, light over heat. When you make mistakes, correct them quickly and transparently.

12、Remember that women exist, that minorities exist, that disabled and queer and trans people exist; interview them, tell their stories, and don’t do what the majority of journalists do which is to disproportionately give voice to loud white men.

13、Judge your peers for the quality of their work, rather than judging their work based on who they are; aim to be judged according to the same standard.

14、 Give your loyalty to people and not to institutions; the former probably care about you and the latter probably do not.

15、Be extremely mindful about how you use social media, reaping in all its benefits as a reporting tool while skirting around its pitfalls as an emotional void.

16、 Be cautious about all the advice you receive, including this, recognizing that everyone is speaking to you from some combination of luck and privilege.

17、 Recognize your own luck and privilege, and work to uplift others around you. ~ Accrue social capital so you can spend it on people.

18、 Be bold. Be fearless. Be kind. Be kind to yourself. ~

以下翻译来自新闻实验室会员通讯（497）：

1、最重要的是，尽可能地保持作品的最高品质。保护你作品的品质，那么你的作品就会保护你。

2、保持专业：按时交稿，按照字数要求交稿。

3、给第二天留点激励：完成一天的写作时，有意留一小段给第二天，这样，第二天开始写作时就不必面对一片空白了。

4、感恩好编辑：找到那些能让你的文字更好的人，对他们不要吝啬赞美之辞。

5、研究别人的作品：主动将好记者的作品拆解开来，研究他们写作的技巧。

6、重视结构：大部分写作问题其实都是结构问题，而大部分结构问题其实都是因为功课做得不足。忽略简单答案：拥抱复杂性，传递不确定性，寻找更深的真相，不要被廉价的标新立异所欺骗。

7、保持谦逊：要意识到你其实常常对自己所写的东西知之甚少，要学习那些可以厘清和拓展自己知识边界的采访技巧。

8、适时放手：要追求准确和复杂性，但要知道什么时候可以放手，去做下一个作品。

9、成为对的人，比成为第一个人更重要：当然，如果既能是第一个又能是对的，也很好。

10、写作的目的：不是为了让你的采访对象或者其他记者对你感到佩服，而是为了帮助读者理解这个世界，认真对待这个责任，保持新闻的专业和技艺。

11、分清优劣：深思熟虑胜过哗众取宠，深度胜过数量，光亮胜过热度。当你犯了错误：迅速改正，保持透明度。

12、关注少数群体：不要和大多数记者一样，把大部分发声的机会给了白人男性，而要更多地采访女性、少数族裔、残障人士、性少数群体等，讲述他们的故事。

13、评判同行：标准应该是作品的质量，而不是基于他们是谁，对所有人都要用同样的标准来评判。

14、忠诚于人，而不是机构：人可能会关心你，而机构大概不会关心你。

15、小心使用社交媒体：利用它作为报道工具的优势，避开它作为充满情绪的空洞的危险。

16、小心对待别人的建议：包括这些建议，因为提建议的人往往得益于某种运气和特权的结合。

17、认识到自己的运气和特权：用它们来帮助你身边的人。积累社会资本：这样你就可以将它用于其他人。

18、勇敢、无惧、善良，对自己也要善良。