Tuberculosis

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In children the tuberculosis can be divided into different stages like it can be the initial exposure then they go ahead with tuberculosis infection then tuberculosis disease. So how does this happen when a child comes in contact with an adult who is having active tuberculosis which can be a pulmonary tuberculosis that is the tuberculosis in the lung or a disseminated form of tuberculosis when a child meetings a close contact with such tuberculosis patient then the child is said to be exposed. Not all exposed children tend to get tuberculosis only 30% of these exposed children developed. 30% of these exposed children developed tubercular infection of these 30% children who develop tubercular infection only five to ten percent progress towards tuberculosis disease at rest of the 90 to 95 percent maintained the tuberculosis bacterium in a latent stage they can react get reactivated in the future especially when the immunity of the child drops so finally so it could be the first initial exposure then followed by the tuberculosis infection and that the world versus disease which can be either an active form or in the latent stage these are different stages of tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis bacteria are spread through the air when a person with Tuberculosis disease coughs, speaks, or sings.

Journal of Family Medicine and Disease Prevention.

Centre for Disease Control and prevention estimates up to 13 million people in the United States have latent Tuberculosis infection. However, without treatment, 5-10% of people with latent Tuberculosis infection will develop TB disease at some point in their lives.

Tuberculosis cases are found in all states. Treating latent TB infection is effective and can prevent the development of TB disease. If one is at high risk for TB infection. One should get tested and treated if one have it.

Tuberculosis or TB is a disease that's preventable treatable and even curable yet it's killing 1.6 million people each year making it a leading infectious killer after COVID 19. It's caused by bacteria that spread through the air and mainly affect the lungs the pathogen is hard to detect no country is free of TB but eight Nations account for more than two-thirds of infections and deaths globally.

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All age groups are at risk but people with poor immune systems are at a higher risk like those living with HIV in 2021 nearly 190 000 people died from HIV associated with TB.

The only licensed vaccine the BCG is more than a hundred years old is effective in children but not adults who account for most transmissions.

Tuberculosis is treated with antibiotics but its resistance to drugs is rising with only seven years left to reach the World Health organization's end Tuberculosis milestone.

Together we can end Tuberculosis.

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