Inventors - 7 - Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937)

Guglielmo Marconi the physicist who developed the radio was born on the 25th April 1874 in Bologna, Italy. He had his early education in a city school but he found the formal teaching there very dull and boring. He was a jovial boy whose interest was in outdoor activities such as swimming, hunting, and fishing. Though he did not pay attention to his school studies, he devoted a lot of time to conduct all kinds of experiments with chemicals, magnets and wires. It is reported that he often did so for hours and hours even without sleep.

When Marconi entered a higher science academy in Bologna his genius flowered. He started to conduct experiments with various kinds of new equipments. They became more advanced and complicated. His brother who was very much interested in his work gave him a helping hand readily and without hesitation.

One day when they were conducting an experiment Guglielmo asked his brother to go to a point about hundred metres away from the worktable he sat at. The brother had a receiver in his hand. When Guglielmo clicked the transmitter that lay on the worktable the brother got the signal via the receiver. Both were overwhelmed with joy for being able to transmit a message from one place to another, without wires.

In Italy his achievements were not recognized, and no institution came forward to give him some assistance. Guglielmo was so disgusted, he left his country and went to England. There he was welcomed by the British Government that readily provided him with all the facilities including funds to improve his communication system.

By 1897 he was able to demonstrate radio telegraphy over a distance of 19 km. In 1899 he established radio communication between France and England.

In 1901 Guglielmo transmitted a message across the Atlantic Ocean and all the world looked at him with respect and admiration. The Italian Government realized its folly and negligence and respectfully invited him back to his motherland. Guglielmo complied with the request and on the day he set foot in Italy he was given a grand welcome by his elated countrymen.

Guglielmo’s communication system was put to use in several fields such as administration, commerce, transport and naval affairs. Genoa harbour, on the Ligurian Sea, Western Italy, became the centre that sent messages to ships that sailed in the deep ocean. Ireland set up the worlds first radio station employing Guglielmo Marconi’s wireless system successfully.

Marconi received the Nobel Prize for his remarkable invention in 1909, and the Italian Government conferred a host of honours on him.

The great inventor passed away on the 20th July 1937.

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